摘要
2010年以来,中美之间在新能源补贴领域的国际贸易争端频频发生,争端焦点多有涉及专向性问题。避免在补贴扶持制度设计中构成专向性既是新能源产业发展的关键,也是避免授人以柄的关键。本文结合世界贸易组织(以下简称WTO)争端解决机制,从补贴法律专向性、事实专向性、区域专向性、法律专向性和事实专向性的适用关系四个维度归纳了补贴专向性分析的一般性规则要点。本文还在WTO新能源补贴案件统计的基础上,认定'国内成分要求'是新能源补贴专向性法律分析的关键,在WTO涵盖协定下有很大的被诉和败诉风险。本文结合中国新能源补贴专向性法律、政策领域的不足,从新能源补贴专向性和一般补贴专向性两个层面,认为应当正视'国内成分要求'制度隐患,并积极推进新能源补贴制度的渐进式改革。
International trade disputes in the field of new energy subsidies between China and the United States have occurred frequently since 2010,and the focus of disputes is mostly related to the issue of'Specificity'.Avoiding constitute'Specificity'in the design of the subsidy and support system is the key to the development of the new energy industry,as well as to avoid giving a hand to other countries.Based on the WTO dispute settlement mechanism,this paper summarizes the general rules of subsidies specificity from four dimensions:de jure specificity,de facto specificity,regional specificity,applicable relationship between de jure specificity and de facto specificity.On the basis of statistics of WTO new energy subsidies cases,this paper concludes that'Domestic Content Requirement'is the key to the legal analysis of the specificity of new energy subsidies.In addition,'Domestic Content Requirement'has a great risk of being sued and losing under the WTO Covered Agreements.In the light of the deficiencies in the fields of law and policy of China’s new energy subsidy specificity,this paper considers that we should face up to the hidden dangers of the system of'Domestic Content Requirement'and actively promote the gradual reform of the new energy subsidy system from the two aspects of the specificity of new energy subsidy and the specificity of general subsidy.
作者
刘滢泉
李晓郛
Liu Yingquan;Li Xiaofu
出处
《国际经济法学刊》
CSSCI
2019年第3期57-71,共15页
Journal of International Economic Law
基金
国家社科基金规划项目“TPP对服务贸易规则的重构与中国对策研究”(16CFX198)阶段性研究成果
关键词
新能源补贴
专向性
中美贸易战
《SCM协定》
国内成分要求
New Energy Subsidies
Specificity
Sino-US Trade Conflict
SCM Agreement
Domestic Content Requirement
