摘要
为保障京津冀水安全,华北地下水超采综合治理需要进行及时评估并不断改进,其中冬小麦春灌节水政策的治理效果评估是重要组成部分。基于衡水深州市、邯郸曲周县、邢台任县三个县(市)的实地调研,运用有无项目对比法,对冬小麦春灌节水政策的节水效果进行了评估。评估结果表明:冬小麦春灌节水政策的节水效果不好,农民基本按照原有的灌溉习惯进行灌溉,并不会按照政策要求减少灌溉次数1次。政策宣传不到位、减少灌溉的减产预期较强、缺乏监督管理、补偿标准偏低是导致冬小麦春灌节水政策的节水效果不好的原因。假定减产比例为13%,冬小麦春灌节水政策的补偿标准估算结果为93元/亩的持续补贴,实际补偿标准明显偏低。为改进冬小麦春灌节水政策的地下水超采治理效果,需要加大政策宣传力度、提高补偿标准和强化监督管理。
To guarantee the water security in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,groundwater over-exploitation comprehensive governance in North China Plain,of which the policy of winter wheat’s water-saving by reducing spring irrigation was an important part,should be timely assessed and continuously improveed. Based on field research in three counties in Hebei Province: Shenzhou in Hengshui City,Quzhou in Handan City and Ren in Xingtai City,the effectiveness of the policy of winter wheat’s water-saving by reducing spring irrigation was assessed. The results indicated that the policy of winter wheat’s water-saving by reducing spring irrigation had poor water-saving effect;the farmers followed the old irrigation habits,and did not reduce irrigation time in winter wheat according to policy requirements. Poor water-saving effectiveness resulted from four reasons: 1)Policy propaganda was inadequate. 2) Expectation of yield reduction by reducing spring irrigation was strong. 3)Policy supervision was lack. 4) Compensation was low. To improve the governance effectiveness of the policy,policy propaganda should be enhanced,compensation rate should be increased,and policy supervision system should be improved.
作者
胡振通
王亚华
HU Zhentong;WANG Yahua(School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;China Institute for Rural Studies,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期101-106,共6页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401400-08)
国家社会科学基金重点项目(14AZD031)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M600072)资助
关键词
华北平原
地下水超采
评估
冬小麦春灌节水
North China Plain
groundwater over-exploited
assessment
winter wheat’s water-saving by reducing spring irrigation
