摘要
本文旨在对美国国会在南海问题决策中所发挥的作用进行研究。作为美国三权分立政治体制中的一极,国会近年来在美国南海政策决策过程中的影响力不可忽视。根据美国宪法规定,美国总统与国会分享外交权力,这成为国会影响美国对外安全政策的基础。本文认为,在涉及南海问题的对外决策上,美国国会往往通过出台法案和决议案、召开听证会、要求提交报告以及控制财政拨款权等方式干预美国南海政策的决策过程。为进一步探讨美国国会如何影响美国南海政策的决策过程,本文将分别选取美国贯彻落实'自由航行'政策,以及扩大美国同南海周边国家合作这两个分属于不同对外安全政策类型的案例进行深入研究,从而对美国国会在其中发挥的具体作用进行分析与评估,并归纳出美国国会影响南海政策的特点。
The purpose of this paper is to study the roles played by the U.S.Congress in the decision-making on the issue of the South China Sea.As one of the branches under the separation of powers in the U.S.political system,the influence of Congress in the decision-making process of the U.S.policy toward the South China Sea in recent years cannot be ignored.According to the stipulation of the U.S.Constitution,the President shares the diplomatic power with the Congress,which becomes the basis for the Congress to influence the U.S.external security policy.This paper argues as far as the decision-making on the foreign policy toward the South China Sea issue concerned,the U.S.Congress often intervenes in the decision-making process of the U.S.policy toward the South China Sea by introducing bills and resolutions,holding hearings,requesting reports to be submitted,and controlling fiscal appropriations.In order to further explore how the U.S.Congress affects the decision-making process of the U.S.policy toward the South China Sea,this paper will select the two cases of the United States implementing the policy of the'freedom of navigation'and expanding the coop-eration with the peripheral countries of the South China Sea,which belong to different types of external security policy,to conduct an in-depth research to analyze and evaluate the specific roles played by the U.S.Congress,and to summarize the characteristics of the influence of the U.S.Congress on the policy toward the South China Sea.
作者
丁伊
Ding Yi(the School of International Relations and Public Affairs,Fudan University)
出处
《国际关系研究》
CSSCI
2019年第4期136-154,158-159,共20页
Journal of International Relations
关键词
美国国会
南海
美国政府
安全政策
U.S.Congress
South China Sea
U.S.Government
security policy
