摘要
在 1 烷基吡啶、1 甲基 3 烷基咪唑季铵盐或盐酸三甲铵与无水AlCl3 构成的室温离子液体反应介质中 ,尝试进行了叔丁醇的醚化反应 .结果表明 ,在中性或碱性氯铝酸离子液体中 ,叔丁醇与甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇或戊醇在 80～ 14 0℃反应 6～ 12h ,可以得到较高的醇转化率和醚选择性 ,而且产物叔丁基醚和离子液体系分层 ,便于分离 .
Chloroaluminate ionic liquids consisted of anhydrous AlCl3 with 1-alkylpyridinium or 1-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), such as 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium bromide, 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride, 1-butylpyridinium chloride and trimethylamine hydrochloride, are used as reaction media and catalysts for etherification of tert-butanol (TBA) with methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol or pentanol. In a typical experiment, the chloroaluminate ionic liquid with n (AlCl3) = 0.01 mol, n (AlCl3) /n (QAS) = 2 similar to0.5, n (TBA) = 0.05 mol and n (ROH) /n (TBA) = 1.2 similar to 1.5 were successively added into a stainless autoclave with magic stirring. Kept the reaction at 80 similar to 140 degreesC for 6 similar to 12 h, the higher conversion and selectivity were achieved, especially in Lewis neutral or basic chloroaluminate ionic liquid. However, the selectivity for by-products, including tert-butyl chloride and dimer of tert-butylene, was relative higher in Lewis acidic chloroaluminate ionic liquid owing to its sensitivity to water, one of the products of etherification of tert-butanol. Since tert-butyl ether is immiscible with Lewis neutral or basic chloroaluminate ionic liquid, the product can be easily separated from ionic liquid by decantation.
出处
《催化学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第6期559-561,共3页
