摘要
旨在研究广明2号肉鸡必需氨基酸的维持需要量,为建立氨基酸需要量预测模型提供基础。本研究由2个部分试验组成。试验1在12~15日龄和31~34日龄2个阶段,分别选择广明2号公鸡、母鸡各12只,以性别为处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复2只鸡,每个重复饲养于1个代谢笼中。饲喂无氮日粮,分别收集肉鸡的排泄物和脱落的羽毛皮屑,计算肉鸡内源氮和毛屑脱落氮的比例。试验2在上述2个阶段分别选择体重(BW)接近的公、母鸡各48只,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组12只,公母分开饲养于6个代谢笼中。4个处理组分别强饲粗蛋白质含量不同的代谢日粮,收集肉鸡的排泄物(包括脱落的毛屑),计算肉鸡的氮沉积量(氮摄入量减去氮排出量);通过建立氮摄入量和氮沉积量的线性回归方程,计算出肉鸡蛋白质的维持需要量;根据内源氮和毛屑氮的比例,计算出肉鸡内源蛋白质和毛屑蛋白质的维持需要量;再根据成年鸡内源氮中必需氨基酸的含量(参考前人数据)和脱落毛屑中氨基酸的含量(实际测定),计算出内源氨基酸和毛屑氨基酸的维持需要量,两者之和为广明2号肉鸡必需氨基酸的维持需要量。试验1发现,广明2号肉鸡每日氮损失主要源于毛屑脱落,毛屑脱落氮占氮损失量的55.9%~65.1%,日龄和性别对毛屑脱落氮的占比存在显著的交互作用(P<0.001),前期公鸡毛屑脱落氮的占比显著低于母鸡,后期显著高于母鸡(P<0.05)。试验2发现,随着代谢日粮中蛋白含量的增加,氮的摄入量、排泄量和沉积量均显著增加(P<0.001)。分别建立不同阶段公、母鸡氮摄入量和沉积量的线性回归方程,回归模型均达到显著水平(P<0.001),决定系数大于0.96。根据回归方程计算出广明2号肉鸡蛋白质的维持需要量,12~15日龄公鸡和母鸡分别为每日2.36和3.16 g/kg BW^(0.75),日粮蛋白质的沉积效率为65.55%和58.73%;31~34日龄公鸡和母鸡分别
The study aimed to estimate the maintenance requirement for essential amino acids of Guangming No.2 broilers,and to provide a basis for the establishment of a prediction model of amino acid requirement.In trial 1,12 Guangming No.2 male and female were selected at 12 to 15 days of age and 31 to 34 days of age,respectively,with 6 replicates per treatment and 2 chickens per replicate.Each replicate was fed in a metabolic cage.The broilers were fed a nitrogen-free diet,and the excreta and shed feather dander of broilers were collected separately,and the ratio of endogenous nitrogen to shed dander nitrogen was calculated.In trial 2,48 male and 48 female broilers with similar body weight(BW)were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups(12 broilers in each treatment group),and male and female broilers were fed separately in 6 metabolic cages.The four treatment groups were fed metabolic diets with different protein contents,and the excreta(including shed dander)of broilers were collected.Nitrogen deposition(nitrogen intake minus nitrogen expulsion)was calculated,a linear regression equation of nitrogen intake and nitrogen deposition was established to calculate the protein maintenance requirement of broilers.The maintenance requirement of endogenous protein and dander protein was calculated according to the ratio of endogenous nitrogen and shed dander nitrogen,and multiplied respectively by the composition of essential amino acids in endogenous protein(referring to previous data)and in shed dander protein(actual measurement)to calculate the maintenance requirements of endogenous amino acids and dander amino acids,and the sum of the two was the maintenance requirement of essential amino acids of Guangming No.2 broilers.Experimental 1 showed that the daily nitrogen loss of Guangming No.2 broiler was mainly due to dander shedding,which accounted for 55.9%~65.1%.There was a significant interaction between age and sex on the proportion of shed dander nitrogen to total nitrogen loss(P<0.001),the proportion of shed dander nitro
作者
赵少猛
董瑞玲
刘大伟
营凡
李森
赵桂苹
张敏红
文杰
冯京海
ZHAO Shaomeng;DONG Ruiling;LIU Dawei;YING Fan;LI Sen;ZHAO Guiping;ZHANG Minhong;WEN Jie;FENG Jinghai(Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Foshan Gaoming District Xinguang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd,Foshan 528000,China)
出处
《畜牧兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期5590-5601,共12页
ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300404)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-41)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)。
关键词
广明2号肉鸡
生长阶段
性别
必需氨基酸维持需要量
Guangming No.2 broiler
growth stage
gender
maintenance requirements for essential amino acid
