摘要
N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基对苯二胺(6-PPD)是一种广泛应用于轮胎橡胶中的抗氧化剂,可在臭氧存在时氧化成6-PPD醌(6-PPDQ),6-PPDQ对某些鱼类(如银鲑鱼)能产生急性致死毒性.为了探究6-PPD是否能在自然光条件下产生6-PPDQ,本研究首先利用自制高分子材料力学加速老化装置对橡胶进行力学老化,对其产生的微橡胶进行了分析.并通过模拟自然光的人工加速氙灯老化试验,考察微橡胶在老化后6-PPD的转化产物,同时利用6-PPD标准品老化实验对其转化产物进行验证.结果表明,车辆在理想路面和较轻的负荷下就能够产生较小的微橡胶,且呈正态分布,平均粒径为4.12μm;6-PPD在老化后消失,经验证后,发现6-PPD转化成6种转化产物,包括4-甲基-2-戊酮(MIBK)、N-苯甲酰-对苯二胺(PFPDA)、对氨基二苯胺(4-ADPA)、6-PPDQ、4-异丙氨基二苯胺(IPPD)和N,N'-二苯基对苯二胺(DPPD).采用毒性评估软件(T.E.S.T)对6种转化产物进行毒性预测,除DPPD和MIBK外,其他产物的大鼠半数致死率都高于6-PPD本身.本研究表明车辆行驶时会产生大量的微橡胶颗粒,对于微橡胶环境生态毒理学评价和6-PPD使用安全及其风险评估有着重要的意义.
N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamin(6-PPD)is a widely used antioxidant in tire rubber,which can be oxidized into a highly toxic compound 6-PPD quinone(6-PPDQ)by ozone,resulting in extreme acute toxicity in some fish species(e.g.,coho salmon).To explore whether 6-PPD can produce 6-PPDQ under natural light conditions,the experiment of the artificial accelerated xenon lamp aging test was designed.A self-made mechanical accelerated aging device of polymer materials was used to simulate aging tire rubber samples.Microrubber particles was determined.Then the associated transformation products of 6-PPD were analyzed and verified by chromatography-mass spectrometry after further xenon lamp aging test.The results showed that vehicles can produce smaller amounts of micro rubber on ideal road surfaces under lighter loads.The recovered tire rubber samples were changed into microrubbers.The size of microrubbers showed normally distributed with the average particle size of 4.12μm.The antioxidant 6-PPD disappears after aging.After verification,it is found that 6-PPD can be changed into six transformation products under xenon lamp.They are 4-methyl-2-pentanone,N-phenylformyl-p-phenyldiamine(PFPDA),4-Aminodiphenylamine(4-ADPA),6-PPDquinone,4-isopropylamino-diphenylamine(IPPD),and N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine(DPPD),whose toxicities were predicted using T.E.S.T software.Except for DPPD and 4-methyl-2-pentanone,the median lethal dose of other products was higher than that of 6-PPD itself.This study shows that a large number of micronrubber particles are produced during vehicle driving,which has great significance for ecotoxicological evaluation of microrubber environment and safety and risk assessment of 6-PPD.
作者
王建凤
张裕祥
王佳敏
丁兆阳
勾新磊
钱冲
高原
刘艳
高峡
Jian-feng Wang;Yu-xiang Zhang;Jia-min Wang;Zhao-yang Ding;Xin-lei Gou;Chong Qian;Yuan Gao;Yan Liu;Xia Gao(Institute of Analysis and Testing,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology(Beijing Center for Physical&Chemical Analysis),Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology&Quality Evaluation of Organic Material,Beijing 100094;Department of Chemistry,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048)
出处
《高分子学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期1763-1772,共10页
Acta Polymerica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(项目号2022YFF0606702)
北京市改革与发展项目(项目号24CB003-10)资助.
