摘要
屏蔽核辐射对保障相关人员身体健康和环境安全至关重要。在众多核辐射环境中,中子和γ射线穿透性最强,屏蔽难度最大。尤其随着辐射防护需求的不断提升,单一屏蔽材料如硼、聚乙烯、铅、钨等已无法满足现代辐射防护要求,而复合材料可以集各原材料优点,取长补短,实现综合性能的全面提升。概述了中子/γ射线辐射损伤的物理机制,总结了近年来中子/γ射线混合辐射场屏蔽材料的研究进展,并展望了其在航空航天等领域的发展趋势。
Shielding nuclear radiation is very important to protect the health of relevant personnel and environmental safety.Among numerous nuclear radiations,neutron and gamma ray have the strongest penetrability and the greatest shielding difficulty.With the increasing demand for radiation protection,single shielding material such as boron,polyethylene,lead,tungsten,etc.can no longer meet the radiation protection requirements.Fortunately,composite materials can combine the advantages of them,and achieve comprehensive performance improvement.This article provides an overview of the physical mechanisms of neutron/gamma ray radiation damage,summarizes the research progress of neutron/gamma ray shielding materials in recent years,and looks forward to the development trends in space.
作者
郑伟
汤晓斌
黎俊
王祖军
刘伟
钟乐
ZHENG Wei;TANG Xiaobin;LI Jun;WANG Zujun;LIU Wei;ZHONG Le(Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;Department of Nuclear Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi'an 710024,China;State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Research Institute of Chemical Defense,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 102205,China;Institute of Electronic Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621000,China)
出处
《宇航总体技术》
2024年第6期66-72,共7页
Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(U2167208,11875223)
国防基础科研项目(JCKY2021605B007)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2024JC-JCQN-10)
黑龙江省重点研发计划(2023ZX07D01)
特种纤维复合材料国家重点实验室开放课题(ZCKJ-2023-JYZH-0081-1)。
关键词
中子
Γ射线
辐射损伤
屏蔽材料
Neutron
Gamma ray
Radiation damage
Shielding materials
