摘要
以某船厂爆炸事故调查为例,综合使用现场踏勘、走访问询、数值模拟、理论计算、爆炸痕迹分析等调查技术手段,对事故发生、发展,爆炸后效,燃爆机理等展开深入研究。对涉事船体现场踏勘发现,右舷主甲板No.7空舱人孔区域残留有新鲜焊渣。此外,根据火源痕迹、船体破坏程度和舱体开裂方向确定右舷No.7空舱为爆炸事故起始点。综合现场调查结果,还原爆炸事故起因:船舶涂装作业时油漆和稀释剂挥发产生大量有机可燃物,与空气混合后形成爆炸性混合气体,在空舱有限空间内聚集。爆炸性混合气体遇人孔处溅落的焊渣,导致右舷No.7空舱发生爆炸,继而引发右舷其余舱室爆炸。由于爆炸冲击波的孕育-发展-消散的发展历程,爆炸现场破坏情况以No.7空舱为中心,向四周的破坏情况先逐步加深,而后损伤逐步降低。借助CFD分析软件FLUENT,模拟发现爆炸混合气12 h时间内通过人孔向外扩散10%。基于此分析结果,计算获得混合气体体积浓度7.3%,可满足燃爆的发生,且爆炸后TNT当量为188 kg。根据爆炸后事故现场建筑物损毁程度反演爆炸TNT当量为203 kg,与基于混合气体物性参数计算获得的爆炸TNT当量具有较好的一致性,证明此计算方式具有切实可行性。
Taking the explosion of a shipyard as an example,the investigative techniques had been comprehensively utilized(such as on-site investigation,interview,numerical simulation,theoretical calculation,trace analysis,etc.)to conduct in-depth research on the development of the accident,consequences and mechanism of the explosion.An on-site survey of the involved hull revealed fresh welding slag remaining on the starboard main deck in the area of the No.7 empty cabin utility hole.In addition,the empty compartment No.7 on the starboard side was identified as the explosion's origin based on the ignition source traces,the extent of the hull damage,and the cracking direction.The root of the explosion accident was restored according to results from a comprehensive on-site investigation.The paint and thinner would volatilize and produce massive organic combustibles during painting operations,forming explosive mixtures when mixed with air and accumulating in the empty compartment's limited space.The explosive gas mixture contacted spattered weld slag at the utility hole,causing an explosion in the empty compartment No.7 on the starboard side,which triggered explosions in the remaining compartments.As a result of the breeding-development-dissipation of the shock wave,the explosion first intensified and then gradually reduced damage to the surrounding of the NO.7 empty cabin as the center.The simulation with the CFD analysis software FLUENT revealed that the explosion mixture diffused 10%outward through the utility hole in 12 h.According to the diffusivity analysis results,the gas mixture's volumetric concentration was calculated to be 7.3%,which is sufficient for a combustion explosion.The equivalent amount of TNT for the explosion was 188 kg,which was inverted to 203 kg depending on the extent of damage to the buildings at the accident site after the explosion.It is in good agreement with the TNT equivalent of the explosion obtained from calculations based on the physical parameters of the gas mixture,which proves the practica
作者
李毅
吴龙海
申利远
黄楚原
赵齐
陈先锋
LI Yi;WU Long-hai;SHEN Li-yuan;HUANG Chu-yuan;ZHAO Qi;CHEN Xian-feng(Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210097,China;Hubei Provincial Department of Emergency Management,Wuhan 430000,China;China Fire and Rescue Institute,Beijing 102200,China)
出处
《爆破》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期197-204,共8页
Blasting
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(30923010308)
国家自然科学基金(52274224)。
关键词
油漆扩散
爆炸当量
数值模拟
反演计算
paint proliferation
explosive equivalent
numerical simulation
inverse calculation
