摘要
为科学评价淳安县大型真菌物种多样性及资源分布,连续2年利用网格化调查的方式采集淳安县大型真菌标本504份,通过形态及分子鉴定出大型真菌257种,隶属2门5纲18目60科140属。其中,多孔菌科Polyporaceae、红菇科Russulaceae、蘑菇科Agaricaceae、小脆柄菇科Psathyrellaceae、小皮伞科Marasmiaceae和拟层孔菌科Fomitopsidaceae 6个优势科的物种占比44.75%;优势属9个,分别是红菇属Russula、鹅膏属Amanita、栓菌属Trametes、小皮伞属Marasmius、小脆柄菇属Psathyrella、小菇属Mycena、灵芝属Ganoderma、马勃属Lycoperdon和木耳属Auricularia,9个优势属的物种数占总数的28.02%。具有重要经济价值的大型真菌包括食用菌36种,药用菌42种,食药兼用菌32种,毒蘑菇22种。从生态系统类型分析,针阔混交林中分布的大型真菌种类最多,共176种,占物种总数的68.48%;从营养类型分析,以木生菌、外生菌根菌和土生菌为主,分别占比56.42%、22.57%、20.23%。以上研究结果将为该地区大型真菌资源的保护、合理开发和利用提供理论依据。
In order to scientifically evaluate the distribution and species diversity of macrofungi in Chun'an county,504 specimens were collected using a grid survey method for 2 consecutive years.Through morphological and molecular identification,257 species of macrofungi were recognized,belonging to 140 genera,60 families,18 orders,5 classes,and 2 phyla.Among them,species from 6 dominant families,Polyporaceae,Russulaceae,Agaricaceae,Psathyrellaceae,Marasmiaceae,and Fomitopsidaceae,accounted for 44.75%of the total.The nine dominant genera,namely Russula,Amanita,Trametes,Marasmius,Psathyrella,Mycena,Ganoderma,Lycoperdon,and Auricularia,accounted for 28.02%of the total.The macrofungi with significant economic value included 36 edible,42 medicinal,32 medicinal and edible fungi,and 22 poisonous.From the perspective of ecosystem type analysis,the largest number of macrofungi species are distributed in the mixed coniferous-broad forest,with 176 species,accounting for 68.48%of the total species.From the analysis of nutritional types,the main types were woody fungi,ectomycorrhizal fungi,and soil fungi,accounting for 56.42%,22.57%,20.23%,respectively.The above studies provided valuable information for the protection,development,and utilization of macrofungal resources in this area.
作者
杨育文
刘明庆
黄思杰
李妍
张雪彤
高丽
曹铭昌
张纪兵
高媛赟
YANG Yuwen;LIU Mingqing;HUANG Sijie;LIYan;ZHANG Xuetong;GAO Li;CAO Mingchang;ZHANG Jibing;GAO Yuanyun(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China,Nanjing 210042,Jiangsu,China;Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国瓜菜》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第12期103-108,共6页
China Cucurbits And Vegetables
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(GYZX230202)。
关键词
大型真菌
物种多样性
优势类群
生态分布
营养类型
Macrofungi
Species diversity
Dominant taxa
Ecological distribution
Nutritional mode
