摘要
近年来,微生物检验技术在食品安全领域取得了显著进展。传统方法如平板培养和显微镜检查因检测时间长、灵敏度低,难以满足快速检测需求。现代技术如PCR、qPCR和高通量测序(NGS)已成为关键工具,可在数小时内识别并定量分析特定病原体,NGS还能解析微生物群落多样性。这些技术提高了检测效率和准确性,推动了更严格的食品安全标准制定。ELISA和免疫层析试纸条在现场快速检测中也发挥着重要作用,帮助企业早期识别污染风险,及时应对,减少损失。本文综述了这些技术的基本原理及应用,强调其在保障食品安全中的重要性,并指出未来需聚焦技术优化和标准化,以应对复杂食品基质,提升全球食品供应链的安全性和可靠性。
In recent years,microbiological testing technology has made remarkable progress in the field of food safety.Traditional methods such as plate culture and microscope are difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection because of long detection time and low sensitivity.Modern techniques such as PCR,qPCR,and high-throughput sequencing(NGS)have become key tools to identify and quantify specific pathogens within hours,and NGS can also resolve microbial community diversity.These technologies have improved the efficiency and accuracy of testing,driving the development of more stringent food safety standards.ELISA and immunochromatographic strips also play an important role in rapid field testing,helping companies identify contamination risks early and respond in a timely manner to reduce losses.This article reviews the fundamentals and applications of these technologies,emphasizes their importance in ensuring food safety,and points out the future need to focus on technology optimization and standardization to address complex food substrates and improve the safety and reliability of the global food supply chain.
作者
闻艳红
WEN Yanhong(Changping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102200,China)
出处
《现代食品》
2024年第18期208-210,共3页
Modern Food
关键词
微生物检验技术
食品安全
研究
microbiological test technology
food safety
study
