摘要
目的 分析乳腺钼靶X线摄影在乳腺钙化灶诊断中的应用效果。方法 选择56例乳腺疾病患者的临床资料实施回顾性分析,所有患者均实施乳腺钼靶X线摄影检查。以手术病理检查结果为诊断金标准,分析钼靶X线摄影对乳腺钙化灶的诊断准确率,乳腺钙化灶形态、大小、分布及良、恶性病变情况。结果 56例患者经手术病理诊断结果显示, 47例为恶性病变内钙化灶, 9例为良性病变内钙化灶;乳腺钼靶X线摄影准确诊断结果显示, 14例为极度致密型乳腺钙化灶, 13例为不均匀致密型乳腺钙化灶, 16例为散在纤维腺体型乳腺钙化灶, 10例为脂肪型乳腺钙化灶。以手术病理诊断结果为金标准,乳腺钼靶X线摄影诊断准确率为94.64%(53/56)。根据患者的乳腺钙化灶大小、形态等差异分成7种类型:(1)乳腺内有较小的钙化点,直径<1 mm,呈簇状分布,其钙化点形态与大小等不存在明显的差异;(2)钙化灶呈碎石状形态,直径>1 mm;(3)钙化灶呈小叉状,聚集分布,存在棍棒样的形态,直径1~3 mm;(4)钙化灶呈不规则形态;(5)钙化灶呈圆孔状形态;(6)钙化灶呈弧形蛋壳状形态;(7)钙化灶呈轨道状以及条柱状形态。根据乳腺钙化灶分布情况可分为弥漫型分布、区域型分布、孤立型分布、成簇分布、线样或段样分布。良性病变特征:纤维腺瘤的主要形态为空泡钙化与粗大钙化;乳腺增生的钙化情况具备多发性,其形态以颗粒为主。恶性病变特征:以小叉钙化、细沙钙化、短棒钙化为主,同时还有钙化弥散情况。一般良性钙化灶常见于脂肪组织中,恶性钙化灶常见于癌细胞病变区域。结论 用乳腺钼靶X线摄影诊断乳腺钙化灶的效果显著,此诊断方法值得在临床上推广应用。
Objective To analyze the practical effect of mammography in the diagnosis of breast calcification.Methods Clinical data of 56 patients with breast diseases were selected for retrospective analysis.All the enrolled patients were subjected to mammography examination.Meanwhile,the diagnostic accuracy of mammography for breast calcification was analyzed with the results of surgical pathologic examination as the diagnostic gold standard.At the same time,the size,shape,distribution and benign and malignant lesions of breast calcifications were analyzed.Results The surgical pathologic diagnosis of 56 patients showed that 47 cases had calcification in malignant lesions and 9 cases had calcifications in benign lesions;mammography showed 14 cases had extremely dense breast calcification,13 cases had uneven dense breast calcification,16 cases had scattered fibroadenoid breast calcification,and 10 cases had fatty breast calcification.The diagnostic accuracy of mammography was 94.64%(53/56)based on the gold standard of surgical pathological diagnosis.The patients were divided into 7 types according to the size and shape of the calcified foci:(i)small calcified spots in the breast,<1 mm in diameter,distributed in clusters,with no obvious difference in the shape and size of the spots;(ii)foci of calcification were in the shape of crushed stones,>1 mm in diameter;(iii)the calcifications were in the shape of small forks,aggregated,with the shape of clubs,with the diameter of 1-3 mm;(iv)the calcifications were in the shape of irregular;(v)the foci were in the shape of round holes;(vi)the calcifications were in the shape of curved eggshells;(vii)calcifications were in the form of orbits and bars.According to the distribution of calcification foci,they could be categorized as diffuse,regional,isolated,clustered,linear or segmental distribution.Characteristics of benign lesions:the main forms of fibroadenoma were vacuolar calcification and coarse calcification;the calcification of breast hyperplasia had multiple forms,and its form wa
作者
郭彩平
郭奕
朱培贵
GUO Cai-ping;GUO Yi;ZHU Pei-gui(Department of Radiology,Gaozhou People's Hospital,Gaozhou 525200,China)
出处
《中国实用医药》
2024年第21期79-81,共3页
China Practical Medicine
