摘要
【目的】立足于我国棉花生产与生态安全的战略需求,为传统棉区筛选出绿色高效种植模式提供理论依据。【方法】本试验于2020年在山东省济宁市金乡县和菏泽市单县的试验棉田开展,采用随机区组设置春棉防治(CK)、春棉不防治(CM)、蒜后棉防治(SH1)、蒜后棉不防治(SH2)、麦后棉防治(MH1)、麦后棉不防治(MH2)、蒜套棉防治(ST1)和蒜套棉不防治(ST2)8组种植模式,系统调查了不同种植模式的经济价值,并结合生态系统的控害能力和物种丰富度来综合评估种植模式的生态服务价值。【结果】结果表明,蒜后棉防治组(SH1)和蒜后棉不防治组(SH2)的害虫防控和天敌涵养作用最佳,其中蒜后棉不防治组(SH2)的物种丰富度最高;结合投入与产出,蒜后棉防治(SH1:1729.04元/0.20 hm^(2))和蒜后棉不防治(SH2:1727.74元/0.20 hm^(2))处理组的经济效益最高,相较于CK组均显著提高了6.9倍;生态服务价值综合评价结果表明,蒜后棉种植模式(SH1:0.93;SH2:1.49)显著优于其他种植模式。【结论】从黄河流域传统棉区绿色可持续发展考略,蒜后棉种植模式是一种优异的轮作模式,为我国棉田绿色高效发展提供了新契机。
[Aim]The ecological service value of different“green”and efficient cotton planting modes was evaluated based on their ecological security.[Methods]Eight planting modes,cotton mono-cropping with pesticides(CK),cotton mono-cropping without pesticides(CM),rotation of garlic-cotton with pesticides(SH1),rotation of garlic-cotton without pesticides(SH2),rotation of wheat-cotton with pesticides(MH1),rotation of wheat-cotton without pesticides(MH2),cotton and garlic intercropping with pesticides(ST1)and cotton and garlic intercropping without pesticides(ST2)were compared using a randomized experimental design in cotton fields in Jinxiang and Shan County in 2020.[Results]Compared to CK,the SH1 and SH2 planting modes had the most significant effects on the abundance of both pests and their natural enemies.There was no significant difference between these two treatments but SH2 had the highest species richness.In terms of total input and output,SH1(1729.04 yuan/0.20 hm^(2))and SH2(1727.74 yuan/0.20 hm^(2))had the highest economic benefit and were significantly increased by 6.9-fold in comparison with CK.Comprehensive evaluation of all factors using a radar map indicates that,compared to the other treatments,the rotation of garlic and cotton crops conferred a significant advantage.[Conclusion]From the perspective of“green”and sustainable development,the rotation of garlic and cotton crops is an excellent planting mode for traditional cotton growing areas in the Yellow River Basin.These results provide both theoretical and technical support for developing efficient and environmentally-friendly cotton production in China.
作者
李卓
李蕾
魏学文
刘云
李丽莉
卢增斌
宋莹莹
王桂峰
门兴元
LI Zhuo;LI Lei;WEI Xue-Wen;LIU Yun;LI Li-Li;LU Zeng-Bin;SONG Ying-Ying;WANG Gui-Feng;MEN Xing-Yuan(Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期893-901,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1400800)
山东省顶尖人才“一事一议”项目(2023YSYY-006)
山东省重点研发计划(2020CXGC010804)
山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划(SDNYXTTG-2023-14)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32202405)。
关键词
棉花
种植模式
防治措施
生态服务价值
cotton
planting mode
preventive measures
ecological service value
