摘要
为了解野生动物馆舍环境中细菌的多样性及潜在致病菌对消毒剂的敏感性,本试验选取济南动物园大象馆、猛兽馆和金丝猴馆3种哺乳动物馆舍作为研究对象,分别于冬、夏两季采集馆舍中的环境样本,利用Illumina高通量测序技术,比较不同季节动物馆舍环境中的细菌多样性,并分离环境中的潜在致病菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定潜在致病菌对过硫酸氢钾复合物粉、二氯异氰尿酸钠粉、过氧乙酸溶液和戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液的敏感性。结果显示,野生动物馆舍环境中的细菌Alpha多样性指数存在明显的季节性差异,Richness、Shannon、Chao1和Equitability四种指数冬季极显著高于夏季(P<0.01),Dominance指数冬季显著高于夏季(P<0.05),Simpson指数冬季显著低于夏季(P<0.05)。在群落组成方面,馆舍环境中的细菌主要由变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)4个门组成,约占97%。从3种哺乳动物馆舍分离到不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、埃希氏-志贺菌属(Escherichia/Shigella)和链球菌属(Streptococcus)共5个属40株潜在致病菌,本试验条件下4种消毒剂对潜在致病菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值均不高于厂家推荐的环境消毒使用浓度。本试验初步摸清了野生动物馆舍的环境细菌分布特征,以及潜在致病菌对消毒剂的敏感性,为改善笼舍环境卫生以及规范野生动物饲养管理提供参考依据。
To understand the bacterial diversity in the environment of wildlife cages and the sensitivity of potential pathogenic bacteria to disinfectants,this study selected three mammal cages(elephant,beast,and golden monkey cages)at Ji'nan Zoo as research objects.Environmental samples were collected during winter and summer,and Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare the bacterial diversity in different seasons.Potential pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the environment,and their sensitivity to disinfectants including potassium bisulfate complex powder,sodium dichloroisocyanurate powder,peroxyacetic acid solution,and glutaraldehyde decamethylammonium bromide solution was determined using the broth microdilution method.The results showed significant seasonal differences in the Alpha diversity index of the bacteria in wildlife cages.The Richness,Shannon,Chao1,and Equitability indices were significantly higher in winter than in summer(P<0.01),while the Dominance index was significantly higher in winter(P<0.05)and the Simpson index was significantly lower in winter(P<0.05).The bacterial communities were mainly composed of four phyla:Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes,accounting for approximately 97%of the total.Forty strains of potential pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the three mammal cages,including Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Staphylococcus,Escherichia/Shigella,and Streptococcus genera.Under the conditions of this study,the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)values of the four disinfectants against potential pathogenic bacteria were all lower than the manufacturers'recommended concentrations for environmental disinfection.This study provides an initial understanding of the distribution characteristics of bacteria in wildlife cages and the sensitivity of potential pathogenic bacteria to disinfectants.These findings offer reference data for improving the sanitation of cages and for the standardized management of wildlife care.
作者
仉伟
刘青
朱云芸
赵学乾
滕丽好
王启峰
周继生
李伟
张成林
ZHANG Wei;LIU Qing;ZHU Yunyun;ZHAO Xueqian;TENG Lihao;WANG Qifeng;ZHOU Jisheng;LI Wei;ZHANG Chenglin(Zoo Department,Ji'nan Park Development Service Center,Ji'nan 250031,China;Beijing Zoo,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《中国兽医杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第11期77-84,共8页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine
基金
北京动物园圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室开放课题(ZDK202203)。
关键词
野生动物馆舍
细菌多样性
潜在致病菌
消毒剂敏感性
wildlife cage
bacterial diversity
potential pathogenic bacteria
disinfectant sensitivity
