摘要
新的农产品质量安全法首次将小农户施药行为纳入监管范围,进一步厘清农户施药行为的影响机理与因素,有助于政府精准施策。通过对海南3个村32户农民豇豆种植过程的全程蹲点跟踪,对豇豆施药环节的参与式观察与深度访谈,运用扎根理论分析了访谈资料。研究发现:农户施药环节是一个复杂的行为选择过程,即使施用合规农药也不能确保农产品在产地的质量安全。在合规农药视角下影响农户施药行为选择的最重要因素是信息渠道,其次是农产品质量安全管理的政策强度、农产品市场价格和农村劳动用工成本。同时,邻里效应在农户施药行为选择中的作用越来越弱。在此基础上提出,要增加农户用药信息的有效供给渠道,加强农产品质量安全的全面检测,坚持为农户提供形式多样的有针对性的有效培训,增加重要食用农产品质量安全关键技术供给与推广,加强农产品“优质优价”市场建设的政策建议,并进一步指出海南自贸港建设和RECP协议实施背景下提升海南农产品质量安全水平的紧迫性。
China's new law on agricultural product quality and safety takes the pesticide application behaviors of smallholder farmers into the scope of regulation,and clarifies the impact mechanism and factors of the application behaviors of farmers,which helps the government precisely implement the policies.The follow-up surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted to examine the pesticide application behaviors of 32 smallholder cowpea farmers from three villages in Hainan,and the grounded theory is used to analyze the interview data.Research shows that the process of farmers'pesticide application involves the complex selections of behaviors.Even the use of approved pesticides cannot ensure that agricultural products in the field meet the safety standards.From the perspective of the approved pesticides,the most important factor that affects their selections of pesticideapplying behaviors is the information channel,followed by the intensity of the quality and safety regulation of agricultural products,the market price of agricultural products,and the rural labor costs.In the meantime,the role of neighborhood effect is increasingly weaker in the selection of farmers'pesticide application behaviors.Accordingly,it is suggested to increase the effective supply channels of pesticide application information for the farmers,and strengthen the comprehensive test of the agricultural product quality and safety.Also,the various forms of targeted and effective trainings should be continuously offered to the farmers,the supply and promotion of key technologies for the quality and safety of important edible agricultural products should be increased,and the policy suggestions should be strengthened for the market construction of agricultural products with"high quality and high price".It is further pointed out that it is urgent to improve the quality and safety level of Hainan's agricultural products under the background of the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port and the implementation of RCEP.
作者
樊孝凤
张娇
朱月季
FAN Xiaofeng;ZHANG Jiao;ZHU Yueji(International Business School,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)
出处
《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2025年第1期119-128,共10页
Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）
基金
国家自然科学基金地区项目(71763006)
2021年海南省研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2021-86)。
关键词
合规农药
施药行为
农产品质量安全
扎根理论
approved pesticide
pesticide application behavior
agricultural product quality and safety
grounded theory
