摘要
生成式人工智能的快速发展和应用进一步放大法律在技术风险治理上的滞后性。为回应产业发展需求、规避潜在风险,有必要通过标准治理的嵌入,更好地赋能法律治理,构建人工智能标准与法律协同治理体系。首先,厘清若干基本理论问题,将标准与法律定义为一种“独立融合”关系,明确强制性标准不属于正式法律渊源;其次,系统梳理国内外人工智能标准现状,在国际层面积极参与国际标准制定,在国内层面探索构建中国特色人工智能标准体系;最后,人工智能标准与法律协同治理的内在逻辑体现为法律保障标准实施效力,标准提升依法治理效能,二者协同则有助于促进人工智能发展。探索人工智能标准与法律协同治理的具体方案,应明确以法律为主要治理手段,通过市场自主制定标准、建立人工智能标准合规制度、确定国家层面专门管理机构、开展标准与法律协同治理试点等具体措施,构建有中国特色兼具国际视野的人工智能标准与法律协同治理体系。
The rapid development and application of generative artificial intelligence further magnifies the lag of law in technological risk management.In order to respond to the development needs of the artificial intelligence industry and avoid the potential security risks of artificial intelligence,it is necessary to better empower legal governance through the embedding of standard governance,and build an artificial intelligence standard and law synergistic governance system.Firstly,some basic theoretical issues need to be clarified,the relationship of standard and law should be defined as“Independent-Integrated”,and it should be made clear that mandatory standard does not belong to the official legal source.Secondly,we should systematically review the development status of artificial intelligence standards home and abroad,actively participate in the formulation of international standards for artificial intelligence at the international level,and explore the construction of artificial intelligence standards with Chinese characteristics at the domestic level.Finally,the internal logic of the synergistic governance of artificial intelligence standard and law should be reflected in the implementation effectiveness of legal guarantee standards:standards improve the efficiency of legal governance,and the synergy between the two will help promote the development of artificial intelligence.To explore specific plans for the synergistic governance of artificial intelligence standards and law,it should be made clear that law is the main governance means,and specific measures,such as quoting market’s own standards in legal norms,establishing compliance system for artificial intelligence standards,determining special management institutions at the national level,and carrying out pilot projects of synergistic governance of standards and laws,should be taken to build a synergistic governance system of artificial intelligence standards and law with Chinese characteristics and international view.
作者
严驰
YAN Chi(Law School,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期109-121,共13页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“知识产权跨国平行争议的程序应对与反制对策研究”(22YJA820030)
湖北省知识产权局软科学项目“湖北重大产业知识产权安全风险预警以及防控机制研究”(20232S0064)。
关键词
人工智能
标准
法律
协同治理
artificial intelligence
standards
law
synergistic governance
