摘要
食品安全问题一直备受人们关注,而检测技术则是保障食品安全的关键手段之一。近年来,CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)技术作为一项革命性的基因编辑技术已经广泛用于育种和医疗等领域,同时在食品检测领域也展现出巨大潜力。CRISPR在crRNA(CRISPR-related RNA)的引导下,会对靶标DNA进行识别,并对附近的单链DNA(ssDNA)展开非特异性切割,通过切割产生的信号变化实现对靶标的定量检测;CRISPR的强识别特异性和高效的切割特性以及可编程性使其在核酸和非核酸靶标的检测中崭露头角。同时,CRISPR的检测方法与其他技术(如电化学传感器、表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)等)相结合也逐渐成为领域研究热点。因此,本文综述了CRISPR的基本检测原理,CRISPR技术在食品真实性溯源、食源性致病菌筛查以及食品污染物检测中的应用现状及面临的挑战,并对其未来前景进行了展望。
Food safety issue has always been great concern in public,and detection method is one of the key technologies to ensure food safety.In recent years,CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)technology,which has been widely used in breeding and health as a revolutionary gene editing technique,also demonstrated great potential in the field of food testing.Under the guidance of crRNA(CRISPR-related RNA),CRISPR system can recognize the target DNA and perform non-specific cleavage of the nearby ssDNA.In this way,quantitative detection of the target can be realized through the signal changes generated by cutting.The major properties of CRISPR,including high-specific recognition ability,desirable cleavage ability,as well as programmability,make it quite attractive for the use in detecting both nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets.Moreover,CRISPR can be utilized in combination with other technologies such as electrochemical biosensors,surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS),and this trend has become a hot topic in this research area.In this review,we described the basic sensing mechanism of CRISPR-based biosensor and summarized the applications and challenges of CRISPR technology in the detection of food authenticity,foodborne pathogens,and food contaminants.
作者
何艳艳
沈靖淇
刘泰戈
刘尊英
贾飞
HE Yanyan;SHEN Jingqi;LIU Taige;LIU Zunying;JIA Fei(College of Food Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)
出处
《生物加工过程》
CAS
2024年第5期549-559,共11页
Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2100504)
国家自然科学基金(32102058)
山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD0023)。
