摘要
党的二十大报告强调,强化国家战略科技力量建设,形成国家实验室体系,提升国家创新体系整体效能。在构建理论模型的基础上,本文手动收集了2005—2018年A股上市企业设立国家和省级重点实验室的数据,检验了国家战略科技力量对企业关键核心技术突破的影响。研究发现,重点实验室设立提高了企业关键核心技术突破水平,相对于未设立重点实验室的企业,设立企业申请关键核心技术专利数量增长约12.31%,且重点实验室设立对“卡脖子”领域企业技术突破作用更大。机制检验表明,重点实验室设立主要通过政府财税支持、基础研究促进、吸收转化能力提升、研发投入激励等渠道实现企业关键核心技术突破。进一步研究发现,设立重点实验室不仅促进了企业自身关键核心技术突破,还对下游企业技术创新水平产生正向溢出效应。本文对评估企业重点实验室建设成效做了有益的尝试,对进一步完善国家战略科技力量建设具有重要的政策启示。
National and provincial key laboratories are the main factors in constructing strong national strategic science and technology power and serve as important platforms for enterprises to achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies.However,few studies have systematically evaluated the impact of establishing such key laboratories on enterprises’achievements in key core technologies.From the perspective of microeconomic theory,this paper sets up a Hotelling model and illustrates the mechanisms through which the establishment of key laboratories enhances key core technology outputs.Furthermore,with empirical identification strategies including difference-in-differences(DID)and instrumental variable,it tests these effects using data from 2766 listed companies across 29 provinciallevel regions in China from 2005 to 2018.This paper finds that the establishment of key laboratories significantly enhances enterprises’breakthroughs in key core technologies.The mechanisms driving this effect include the government’s fiscal and tax support,strengthened basic research of enterprises,improved capabilities in knowledge absorption,and increased motivation for R&D investment.Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the effect is more pronounced in national key laboratories compared to provincial ones,stronger in“bottleneck”fields,and sounder in enterprises with a greater number of skilled talents.Further analysis identifies a strong positive spill-over effect on the technological innovation of downstream enterprises.The findings of this paper suggest that it is necessary to enhance the standards for establishing key laboratories within enterprises.Expanding the laboratory system’s scale is essential,including incentivizing the setting up of joint laboratories among enterprises,universities,and research institutes to better integrate fragmented innovation resources.Encouraging enterprises to engage in basic research is also crucial,which can be achieved by improving scientific research infrastructure in key laboratories a
作者
郑世林
汉馨语
郭锡栋
张子盈
ZHENG Shi-lin;HAN Xin-yu;GUO Xi-dong;ZHANG Zi-ying(School of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Vanke School of Public Health,Tsinghua University)
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第9期62-80,共19页
China Industrial Economics
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“重点实验室建设对企业自主创新突破的激励效应:理论机制与经验证据”(批准号72474224)。
关键词
重点实验室
关键核心技术突破
企业基础研究
技术创新
key laboratories
breakthroughs in key core technologies
basic research of enterprises
technological innovation
