摘要
孔臧为孔子十世孙,汉武帝时期曾任太常。对于其免太常时间,学者或认为应系于汉武帝元朔三年(公元前126年),或认为应系于元朔五年(公元前124年),但普遍持孔臧一次免官说。然而诸多史料表明,孔臧于元朔三年(公元前126年)免官失爵不久便复官复爵,其二次免太常说更加合理。《蓼虫赋》为孔臧代表赋作。从该赋写作地点来看,其为孔臧闲居封地之作。从内容来看,此赋劝诫后代的意味极其强烈,应为孔臧晚年之作。孔臧在《蓼虫赋》中借“蓼虫”自喻,“幼长斯蓼”契合其人生平,元朔三年(公元前126年)免官失爵一事,对应“乃丁大殃”之语。基于以上线索推断,《蓼虫赋》并非孔臧幼时之作,而是其于元朔五年(公元前124年)第二次免太常后,在其封地蓼侯国所作劝诫子孙之赋。
Kong Zang was the tenth grandson of Confucius,and served as Taichang during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.As for the time of his exemption,scholars may believe that it should be in the third year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty(126 BC),or that it should be in the fifth year of Yuan Shuo(124 BC),but they generally hold that Kong Zang was exempted from official office once.However,many histori-cal materials show that Kong Zang was reinstated shortly after the dismissal of his official title in the third year of Yuan Shuo(126 BC),and his second dismissal is more reasonable.The Endowment of the Worms on Knotweed is the representative work of Kong Zang,and from the point of view of the place where the endow-ment was written,it is the work of Kong Zangs idle fiefdom.Judging from the content,the meaning of this ex-hortation to future generations is extremely strong,and it is undoubtedly the work of Kong Zang in his later years.Kong Zang borrowed"the worms on knotweed"in The Endowment of the Worms on Knotweed to de-scribe himself,and the"I grew up in the Liao area"is in line with his life experience.Only the dismissal of officials and loss of title in the third year of Yuanshuo(126 BC)corresponds to the words"his person will face a great catastrophe because of this".Based on the above clues,it can be inferred that The Endowment of the Worms on Knotweed was not written by Kong Zang when he was a child,but the exhortation of the de-scendants of Kong Zang after the second exemption from Taichang in the fifth year of Yuanshuo(124 BC).It was a work Kong Zang created in his fiefdom.
作者
李泓如
吴从祥
LI Hong-ru;WU Cong-xiang(College of Liberal Arts,Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui 230039)
出处
《泰山学院学报》
2024年第4期95-99,共5页
Journal of Taishan University
基金
2023年国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“秦汉谶纬文献与汉代文化研究”(23FZWB017)
关键词
《蓼虫赋》
孔臧
复官复爵
箴诫子孙
自喻
The Endowment of the Worms on Knotweed
Kong Zang
reinstatement of the official and restora-tion of the title
exhorting his children and grandchildren
self-metaphor
