摘要
为解决花生硬脂(peanut stearin,PeS)目前存在的研究不足、应用局限及附加值低等问题,以工厂中花生油冬化产物(3种PeS)为原料,对其理化性质进行分析,并利用差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射及偏光显微镜对其热力学性质、同质多晶性质和晶体微观形态进行研究。结果表明:PeS的脂肪酸组成以油酸(O,31.56%~35.77%)、亚油酸(L,33.40%~35.98%)、棕榈酸(P,11.94%~14.11%)和硬脂酸(St,7.00%~8.83%)为主,此外,还含有部分二十碳及以上的超长链脂肪酸(9.33%~12.12%);PeS的碘值(Ⅳ)为85.33~93.53 g/100 g;0~25℃时PeS的滑动熔点随Ⅳ的降低而升高;PeS分别在-30~0℃和0~25℃出现了2个较强、较宽的吸热峰,在-20~20℃出现了1个较宽的放热峰;PeS晶型为β′型,晶体形态为羽毛叶片状,晶簇呈花瓣状聚集;15℃时PeS的等温结晶行为均为一步结晶,但其滞后期有所不同。PeS通过与其他硬脂混合或酯交换,可用作塑性脂肪的基料油。
Peanut stearins(PeS),the winterisation product of peanut oil in the plant,were used as raw materials to study their properties and to solve the problems of insufficient research,limited application and low added value of PeS.The physicochemical properties of the three PeS were analysed,and their thermodynamic properties,crystal polymorphism homogeneous polycrystalline properties and crystal micromorphology were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),X-ray diffraction and polarized light microscopy.The major fatty acids of PeS determined by gas chromatography were oleic(O,31.56%-35.77%),linoleic(L,33.40%-35.98%)and palmitic(P,11.94%-14.11%)acids,followed by stearic(St,7.00%-8.83%),behenic(Be,4.69%-6.27%),arachidic(Ad,2.74%-3.52%),lignoceric(1.31%-1.89%)and eicosenoic(0.44%-0.59%)acids,and the iodine values(IVs)of PeS were in the range of 85.33-93.53 g/100 g.PeS is mainly composed of tri-unsaturated triglycerides and mono-saturated di-unsaturated triglycerides.Due to the high content of unsaturated triglycerides,PeS had relativelly low SFC and crystallized slowly.PeS is mainly composed of tri-unsaturated triglycerides and mono-saturated di-saturated mono-unsaturated triglycerides.Because of the high content of unsaturated triglycerides in PeS,its SFC is less plastic and crystallises more slowly.In the range of 0-25℃,SFCs of PeS increased with the saturated fatty acids increasing at a given temperature.The slip melting points of PeS increased with Ⅳ decreasing and ranged from 22.1℃ to 26.3℃.The results of the thermal analysis exhibited that PeS showed two strong and wide endothermic peaks in the range of -30-0℃ and 0-25℃ in the melting process while presenting one wide exothermic peak in the range of -20-20℃ during the crystallization process.Two distinct diffraction peaks close to 4.10 and 3.70 presented in PeS were attributed to the β′form crystal.The crystal cluster of PeS with lower Ⅳ was feather blade-like and the aggregates of the clusters of them were rosette-like.However,Pe
作者
王曼琪
王童
杨国龙
孟鹏程
刘伟
张富强
WANG Manqi;WANG Tong;YANG Guolong;MENG Pengcheng;LIU Wei;ZHANG Fuqiang(College of Food Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhengzhou Newlead Grain&Oil Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450004,China)
出处
《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第5期1-8,共8页
Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31772003)
河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目(222103810064)。
