摘要
【目的】研究不同品系杨树木材物理力学性质及其径向变异规律,为杨树优良种质资源选育和木材高效加工利用提供理论依据。【方法】以采自黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市错海林场的15年生黑青杨、青山杨、小黑杨、银中杨4个品系的木材为研究对象,参照国家标准测定其物理力学性质,分析不同品系间材性差异及径向变异规律,并采用隶属函数法,对木材材性进行综合评价。【结果】4个品系杨树木材基本密度、气干密度、绝干密度、气干体积干缩率、气干差异干缩、全干体积干缩率、全干差异干缩、体积湿胀率、差异湿胀、抗弯弹性模量、抗弯强度、顺纹抗压强度的测量值分别为0.29~0.38 g·cm^(-3)、0.36~0.47 g·cm^(-3)、0.34~0.43 g·cm^(-3)、7.31%~8.56%、1.50~3.16、9.96%~11.04%、1.45~2.82、14.73%~16.55%、1.40~1.82、4.71~7.60 GPa、56.09~90.78 MPa、40.75~57.44 MPa;木材径向的尺寸稳定性均优于弦向。在不同品系中,银中杨的密度、差异干缩、差异湿胀以及力学性能表现最好,黑青杨气干体积干缩率、湿胀率均最小。从径向变异看,不同品系自髓心至树皮的材性变异规律是:黑青杨和青山杨的基本密度先减后增,而小黑杨和银中杨的基本密度递增;黑青杨差异干缩先减后增,青山杨、小黑杨的差异干缩递增,银中杨的差异干缩递减;4个品系杨树体积湿胀率和力学性能均逐渐递增,近树皮处木材综合性能均优于近髓心处。【结论】4个品系中银中杨材性综合评价最佳,在所研究的树种中最适合用于杨树工业用材优良品种的定向培育。
【Objective】The study compared the physical and mechanical properties of woods and radial variation among different clones of poplar trees.The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for the selection and efficient utilization of excellent germplasm resources and wood in poplar breeding.【Method】Four clones of poplar trees,namely,HQ(Populus euramericana‘N3016’×P.ussuriensis),QS(Poplars cathayana×P.deltodides),XH(Populus simonii×Populus nigra),YZ(Populus alba×P.berolinensis),collected from Cuo Hai Forest Farm in Heilongjiang province,were selected as the research subjects.The physical and mechanical properties of the woods were determined according to national standards,and the differences in wood properties and radial variation patterns between different strains were analyzed.The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the wood properties.【Result】The measured values of the basic density,air-dry density,oven-dry density,air-dry shrinkage of volume,air-dry shrinkage ratio difference,absolute-dry shrinkage of volume,absolute-dry shrinkage ratio difference,swelling rate of volume,swelling rate ratio difference,modulus of elasticity,bending strength,and compression strength parallel to grain of the four poplar clones ranged between 0.29-0.38 g·cm^(-3),0.36-0.47 g·cm^(-3),0.34-0.43 g·cm^(-3),7.31%-8.56%,1.50-3.16,9.96%-11.04%,1.45-2.82,14.73%-16.55%,1.40-1.82,4.7-7.60 GPa,56.09-90.78 MPa,40.75-57.44 MPa,respectively.The dimensional stability of the wood in the radial direction was superior to that in the tangential direction.Among the different strains,the YZ showed the best performance in terms of density,shrinkage ratio difference,swelling rate ratio difference,and mechanical properties,while the air-dry shrinkage of volume and swelling rate of the HQ were the smallest.In terms of radial variation,the variation pattern of wood properties from pith to bark differed among the different strains,showing as follows:the basic density of HQ and QS initially decreased and then incr
作者
王新涛
王鹏
徐华东
胡彦波
丁昌俊
王福森
邢政华
WANG Xintao;WANG Peng;XU Huadong;HU Yanbo;DING Changjun;WANG Fusen;XING Zhenghua(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期170-178,200,共10页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2201205)。
关键词
杨树
密度
干缩性
力学性质
径向变异
poplar
density
shrinkage
mechanical properties
radial variation
