摘要
明确企业社会责任条款作为投资仲裁的考虑因素,有助于在裁判中明确企业的与有过错,同时利于防止东道国假借人权问题对投资者实施歧视性措施。企业社会责任条款的义务群由东道国义务群与投资者义务群组成,东道国国内的监管法规与企业社会责任条款相对应,国内监管法规可以提高监管水平,使得人权、环境、劳工等企业社会责任落实。投资者应当根据东道国承认的企业社会责任标准落实生产经营规范。企业落实以国内法形式载明的企业社会责任标准构成履行条约义务。至此,国家投资措施与企业社会责任条款的链接成功构建。仲裁庭所选择的平衡性分析检索范式可以分成两个阶段,第一阶段通过裁量余地规则筛选与实体问题相关的企业社会责任主张。第二阶段选择契合投资者待遇的平衡性测试。这一平衡性分析检索范式应当尊重东道国的价值优位选择,也应当排除基于贸易保护主义的限制措施。最后对于仲裁庭而言,选择任何平衡性分析检索范式都不应当构成司法造法。
Clarifying the corporate social responsibility clause as a factor for consideration in investment arbitration helps to determine the liability of the enterprise in tribunal's decisions and to prevent host countries from discriminating against investors under the guise of human rights concerns.The obligations arising from corporate social responsibility clauses encompass both those of host countries and investors.Domestic regulatory frameworks align with corporate social responsibility clauses,enhancing regulatory standards and ensuring the implementation of corporate social responsibility in areas such as human rights,environment,and labor.Investors should adhere to the corporate social responsibility standards recognized by the host country.Enterprises'compliance with corporate social responsibility as mandated by domestic law is equivalent to fulfilling their treaty obligations.Thus,a robust link has been established between national investment measures and corporate social responsibility clauses.The paradigm of balancing test inspection chosen by the arbitral tribunal can be divided into two phases.In the first phase,corporate social responsibility claims relating to substantive issues are identified by margin of appreciation.In the second phase,a balancing test aligned with treatments of foreign investors is applied.This paradigm should respect the host country's preference for social values and exclude measures of protectionism.Ultimately,for the arbitral tribunal,any paradigm should not result in judicial law-making.
出处
《国际经济法学刊》
2024年第3期140-156,共17页
Journal of International Economic Law
关键词
企业社会责任
投资仲裁
平衡性分析
可仲裁性
Corporate Social Responsibility
Investment Arbitration
Balancing Test
Arbitrability
