摘要
针对高速线材轧制生产中吐丝机普遍存在振动值较大、连续运转稳定性较低、吐丝圈形不稳定等问题,对吐丝机关键部件吐丝头进行仿真优化研究。采用模态分析动力学控制方程、动平衡计算方程等,建立几何模型、有限元模型、运动学模型等并进行临界转速分析、模态分析和动平衡仿真分析,掌握吐丝头振动值较大的主要原因。为在设计阶段尽可能消除吐丝头的动平衡量,利用有限元仿真软件对原吐丝头进行模态分析,获得原吐丝头的第1阶临界转速为72.2 r/s,高于最高转速40 r/s,可按刚性转子对吐丝头进行动平衡。利用动力学仿真软件建立吐丝头的虚拟样机,对其进行双面动平衡仿真分析,获得吐丝头在两个校正面上所需的校正质量,并根据安装位置设计配重结构。通过对吐丝头进行动平衡优化,吐丝头在两个校正面的动不平衡质量分别由优化前的8.199 1 kg、6.655 4 kg下降为4.843 9×10^(-4) kg、3.603 8×10^(-4) kg,且1阶临界转速由72.2 r/s提升为72.75 r/s,满足设计要求。最后,将优化后的吐丝头安装在吐丝机空心轴上进行现场在线动平衡测试实验,吐丝头在线动平衡初始不平衡量为27.4 g,相位为232°,两个轴承位置测点的水平振动幅值分别为1.02μm、6.63μm,均小于10μm,满足设计要求。
In response to the common problems of high vibration,low continuous operation stability,and unstable wire drawing ring shape in high-speed wire rolling production,simulation optimization research was conducted on the wire drawing head,which is a key component of the wire drawing machine.Theoretical methods such as modal analysis dynamic control equation and dynamic balance calculation equation were used to establish geometric models,finite element models,kinematic models,etc,and critical speed analysis,modal analysis and dynamic balance simulation analysis were carried out to grasp the main reasons for high vibration of the wire drawing head.In order to eliminate the dynamic balance of the spinning head as much as possible during the design phase,finite element simulation software was used to perform modal analysis on the original spinning head.The obtained first critical speed of the original spinning head is 72.2 r/s,which is higher than the maximum speed of 40 r/s.Therefore,the spinning head can be dynamically balanced according to a rigid rotor.Then,a virtual prototype of the spinning head was established using dynamic simulation software,and double-sided dynamic balance simulation analysis was conducted to obtain the required correction mass of the spinning head on two calibration faces.The counterweight structure was designed according to the installation position.By optimizing the action balance of the spinning head,the dynamic unbalance mass of the spinning head on the two front faces decreased from 8.199 1 kg and 6.655 4 kg before optimization to 4.843 9×10~(-4) kg and 3.603 8×10~(-4) kg,and the first critical speed increased from 72.2 r/s to 72.75 r/s,meeting the design requirements.Finally,the optimized spinning head was installed on the hollow shaft of the spinning machine for on-site online dynamic balance testing experiments.The initial unbalance of the spinning head online dynamic balance was 27.4 g,with a phase of 232°.The horizontal vibration amplitudes of the two bearing position measurement
作者
罗良传
成西平
陈敏
李云升
毛璐瑶
LUO Liangchuan;CHENG Xiping;CHEN Min;LI Yunsheng;MAO Luyao(Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Guangdong 510075,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510075,China;Heavy Goyo Mechanical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510535,China)
出处
《机床与液压》
北大核心
2024年第19期117-123,共7页
Machine Tool & Hydraulics
基金
广东省科学院发展专项资金项目(2022GDASZH-2022010108)
广州市制造业绿色发展科技协同创新中心建设项目(2023B04J0022)。
关键词
吐丝头
模态分析
刚性转子
动平衡
spinning head
modal analysis
rigid rotor
dynamic balance
