摘要
研究食品粉体螺旋输送过程荷电特性及静电消除方法,以期为食品粉体包装除静电提供理论基础及技术。首先利用法拉第筒搭建食品粉体螺旋输送静电测试试验平台,以小麦淀粉、小麦粉为试验材料,测试螺旋转速、输送长度对粉体荷电影响。然后基于接触起电和静电平衡理论,提出了改变输送装置表面诱导电势,降低其与粉体之间的总电势差,减少粉体螺旋输送过程中起电量的方法,并完成实验验证。平均粒径为20μm的小麦淀粉与平均粒径为100μm的小麦粉静置状态下荷质比均值分别为0.22 nC/g、0.42 nC/g,静电饱和状态时平均荷质比分别为0.4 nC/g、0.47nC/g。粉体达到静电饱和之前,在螺旋输送转速为80~120 r/min,两者的平均荷质比随螺旋转速的增加而减小,随输送长度的增加而增大。螺旋喂料机压差达到100 V时,小麦淀粉与小麦粉的荷质比分别下降22%、23%。研究结果表明:粉体与螺旋喂料机摩擦接触是其荷电量增加的主要原因,粉体粒径、螺旋转速和输送长度对食品粉体螺旋输送荷电量均存在显著影响。通过改变螺旋输送装置表面诱导电势减少粉体荷电量,为食品粉体除静电技术提供参考。
In order to provide theoretical basis and technology for removing static electricity from food powder packaging,the charge characteristics and static electricity elimination methods of food powder in spiral transportation were studied.Firstly,Faraday tube was used to build an electrostatic test platform for spiral conveying of food powder.Wheat starch and wheat flour were used as test materials to test the influence of spiral speed and conveying length on powder charge.Then,based on the theory of contact electrification and electrostatic balance,the method of changing the surface induced potential of the conveying device,reducing the total potential difference between the conveying device and the powder,and reducing the electric charge during the spiral conveying of the powder was proposed,and the experimental verification was completed.The average charge-mass ratio of wheat starch with an average particle size of 20 and wheat flour with an average particle size of 100 were 0.22 nC/g and 0.42 nC/g respectively at static state,and 0.4 nC/g and 0.47 nC/g respectively at static saturation state.Before the powder reaches electrostatic saturation,the average charge-mass ratio of the powder decreases with the increase of the screw speed and increases with the increase of the conveying length when the screw speed is 80~120 r/min.When the pressure difference of the screw feeder reaches 100 V,the charge-mass ratio of wheat starch and wheat flour decreases by 22%and 23%respectively.The results show that the friction contact between the powder and the screw feeder is the main reason for the increase of the charged energy of the food powder.The particle size,screw speed and conveying length have significant effects on the charged energy of the food powder.By changing the surface induced potential of the screw conveying device to reduce the charge of powder,it provides a reference for the technology of electrostatic removal of food powder.
作者
王依
申会芳
李永祥
徐雪萌
WANG Yi;SHEN Huifang;LI Yongxiang;XU Xuemeng(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,450001 Zhengzhou,China;School of Marxism,Henan University of Technology,450001 Zhengzhou,China)
出处
《粮食加工》
2024年第5期1-6,共6页
Grain Processing
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0400704)
河南省科技厅自然科学项目(182102110163)。
关键词
食品粉体
螺旋输送
荷电特性
静电消除
food powder
screw transport
charging characteristics
static elimination
