摘要
我国海水养殖规模居世界首位,产业发展迅猛的同时也带来了不容忽视的环境污染问题,造成近岸海域氮磷超标、水环境质量下降、生态环境受到威胁。基于海水养殖尾水排放量大、污染成分复杂、处理难度较大等问题,针对海水养殖尾水盐度高、碳氧比低的特点,开发了基于固定化微生物技术的“好氧/厌氧/厌氧/好氧”新型强化脱氮工艺,通过“过滤-生化-絮凝混凝沉淀”对尾水进行三级处理,实现氮、磷等污染物的深度去除。结果表明:该工艺启动快、能耗低,对无机氮和活性磷酸盐的最大去除率分别为97.67%和98.35%,出水无机氮和活性磷酸盐质量浓度分别降至0.27 mg/L和0.033 mg/L,达到SCT/T9103—2007《海水养殖水排放要求》的一级标准,实现了微生物法在高盐水中的深度脱氮除磷,可作为水产养殖行业尾水处理推荐工艺。
China′s mariculture scale ranks first in the world,and the rapid development of aquaculture industry has also brought environmental pollution issues that cannot be ignored,resulting in excessive nitrogen and phosphorus discharges into offshore waters,declining water quality,and posing threats to the ecological environment.The discharge of marine aquaculture tail water is substantial and contains complex pollutants,making it difficult to treat.Aiming at the characteristics of high salinity and low carbon to oxygen ratio in the tail water of mariculture,an enhanced nitrogen removal process of"aerobic/anaerobic/anaerobic/aerobic"based on immobilized microorganism technology was developed in this paper.Through the implementation of a"filtration-biochemical-flocculation and flocculation precipitation"process,the tail water was treated in three stages to achieve deep removal of nitrogen,phosphorus,and other pollutants.The actual operation results show that the process starts quickly and consumes low energy.The maximum removal rates of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate are 97.67%and 98.35%,respectively,reducing their mass concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate in effluent to 0.27 and 0.033 mg/L,respectively.The water quality index meets the first-class standard of"Marine aquaculture Water discharge Requirements"(SCT/T9103-2007).The technology realizes the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal by microbial method in high brine and can be used as a recommended process for tail water treatment in aquaculture industry.
作者
李振东
常方
叶伟
李慧婷
仪马兰
王廷沣
赵英杰
LI Zhendong;CHANG Fang;YE Wei;LI Huiting;YI Malan;WANG Tingfeng;ZHAO Yingjie(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,M.O.T.,Tianjin 300456,China)
出处
《水道港口》
2024年第4期551-559,共9页
Journal of Waterway and Harbor
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52200128)
天津市自然科学基金面上项目(23JCYBJC00140)
中央级公益性科研院所科研创新基金项目(TKS20230304)。
关键词
海水养殖尾水
固定化微生物
脱氮
除磷
絮凝沉淀
mariculture tail water
immobilized microorganism
denitrification
phosphorus removal
flocculation precipitation
