摘要
百年乡村治理的转型过程就是一个“送技下乡”的实践过程。从乡村建设实验的“化育性技术”到乡村政权建设的“总体性技术”,从乡村经济转型的“经营性技术”到城乡融合发展的“融合性技术”,百年乡村治理致力于通过“送技下乡”,将代表先进生产力和现代文明的技术植入乡土社会,“技术治村”成为村治百年的基本进路。不同历史阶段的下乡实践始终回应着乡村社会的多元化需求,也奠定了乡村治理转型的技术色彩。然而,技术的单向嵌入和乡村社会体系的调整不同步适配,一定程度上导致从城市向乡村的技术投放与植入未能转化为治理有效性的充分提升,反而陷入“技术过剩、治理短缺”境地,即注重技术类型的多样、技术内容的繁复、技术迭代的加速,而忽视村治承接载体的缺位、村治主体能力的超载、村治经验场景的脱节。欲超越“技术过剩、治理短缺”困境必须找回技术治理的社会性,以“主体认同凝聚”实现技术的工具理性与治理的价值理性之平衡,以“多元参与共治”消解技术的单向运行与治理的多维互动之悖论,以“技术适配社会”化解技术的垄断属性与治理的公共属性之矛盾。
The rural governance over the past century has been a process of“bringing technology to the countryside”.From the“nurturing technologies”in rural construction experiments,to the“comprehensive technologies”in rural governance,the“management technologies”in rural economic transformation,and finally to the“integrative technologies”in urban-rural integration,rural governance over the century has been dedicated to embedding technologies that represent advanced productivity and modern civilization into rural society.“Governing villages through technology”has thus become the fundamental approach to village governance.Throughout different historical stages,the practice of bringing technology to the countryside has consistently responded to the diverse needs of rural communities,laying a technological foundation for the transformation of rural governance.However,the one-way integration of technology and the asynchronous adaptation of rural social systems have,to some extent,hindered the urban-to-rural transfer and embedding of technology.Instead,it has led to a situation of“technological surplus and governance deficit”,where the need for synchronized adjustments within rural social systems has been overshadowed.To overcome the dilemma,it is essential to rediscover the social dimension of technological governance.This involves:achieving a balance between the instrumental rationality of technology and the value rationality of governance through the cohesion of subject identification;resolving the paradox of one-way technological implementation and the multidimensional interaction of governance through pluralistic participation and co-governance,and addressing the contradiction between the monopolistic nature of technology and the public nature of governance through the social adaptation of technology.
作者
刘威
梅晶哲
LIU Wei;MEI Jingzhe
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第9期148-157,共10页
Journal of Social Sciences
基金
吉林大学“中国式现代化与人类文明新形态”哲学社会科学创新团队青年项目“数治融合与中国式城乡治理现代化研究”(项目编号:2023QNTD09)的阶段性成果。
关键词
送技下乡
百年村治
技术治理
技术过剩
治理短缺
Bringing Technology to the Countryside
Centennial Rural Governance
Technical Governance
Excessive Technology
Insufficient Governance
