农业技术扩散与市场集中度对我国农业全要素生产率的影响效应

Impact of agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration on agricultural total factor productivity in China

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摘要【目的】明确农业技术扩散与市场集中度对我国农业全要素生产率的影响效应及其作用机制,并探究不同地区农业技术扩散与市场集中度对农业全要素生产率的影响是否存在异质性,为我国农业发展相关政策的制定提供理论参考。【方法】选取农业全要素生产率作为被解释变量,农业技术扩散和市场集中度作为核心解释变量,农业机械化水平和劳动生产率作为中介变量,采用系统GMM两步法进行基准回归模型构建,并基于2014—2022年我国30个省(市、自治区)(由于数据不可得性,香港地区、澳门地区、台湾地区和西藏未纳入研究)的面板数据进行实证分析,考察农业技术扩散、市场集中度对农业全要素生产率的影响与机制作用。【结果】在加入相关控制变量的条件下,农业技术扩散、市场集中度对农业全要素生产率的影响系数分别为0.076和0.003,分别达极显著(P<0.01)和显著(P<0.05)水平,即农业技术扩散对农业全要素生产率的影响效应明显高于市场集中度对农业全要素生产率的影响;中介效应分析结果表明,农业技术扩散与市场集中度可通过提升农业机械化水平和劳动生产率,而促进农业全要素生产率;区域异质性分析结果显示,农业技术扩散与市场集中度对农业全要素生产率的影响排序表现为东北地区>中西部地区>东部地区。【建议】深入认识农业技术扩散与市场集中度对农业全要素生产率的影响,并从以下3个方面着手,提升农业全要素生产率:(1)强化农业技术创新与推广体系,促进农业技术快速扩散;(2)优化农业市场结构,适度提高市场集中度;(3)实施差异化区域农业发展战略,充分发挥各地区比较优势。【Objective】To clarify the effects and mechanisms of agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration on agricultural total factor productivity in China,and to explore whether there was heterogeneity in the impact of agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration on agricultural total factor productivity in different regions,so as to provide theoretical reference for the formulation of relevant policies on agricultural development in China.【Method】Agricultural total factor productivity was selected as the explained variable,agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration as the core explanatory variables,and agricultural mechanization level and labor productivity as the intermediary variables.The two-step method of system GMM was adopted to construct the benchmark regression model,and the model was based on the panel data of 30 provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions)in China from 2014 to 2022.The panel data of Hong Kong region,Macao region,Taiwan region and Xizang were not included in the study.The impact of agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration on agricultural total factor productivity and its mechanism were investigated.【Result】The study found that,with the addition of relevant control variables,the coefficients of the impact of agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration on agricultural total factor productivity were 0.076 and 0.003 respectively,and reached extremely significant(P<0.01)and significant(P<0.05)levels respectively,indicating that the impact of agricultural technology diffusion on agricultural total factor productivity was greater than that of market concentration.From the perspective of intermediary effect analysis,agricultural technology diffusion and market concentration could promote agricultural total factor productivity by improving the level of agricultural mechanization and labor productivity.From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,the effects of agricultural technology diffusion and market concentr

作者李伟董涵石贝贝 LI Wei;DONG Han;SHI Bei-bei(Henan Technical Institute,Zhengzhou,Henan 450042,China;College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;School of International Trade and Economics,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区河南应用技术职业学院河南农业大学园艺学院对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院

出处《南方农业学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期2192-2200,共9页 Journal of Southern Agriculture

基金国家社会科学基金项目(20XJY013) 河南省软科学研究计划项目(232400411158)。

关键词农业技术扩散市场集中度农业全要素生产率农业机械化劳动生产率 agricultural technology diffusion market concentration agricultural total factor productivity agricultural mechanization labor productivity

分类号 S-01 [农业科学] F323 [经济管理—产业经济]