摘要
旨在研究添加生物炭对宁南连作辣椒生长、根系生理代谢和产量的作用效果,为使用生物炭缓解宁南拱棚辣椒的连作障碍以及生物炭合理用量提供理论依据。2021年4月-2021年9月在宁夏回族自治区固原市彭阳县连作7 a的拱棚辣椒上开展生物炭添加试验,以彭阳县当地主栽的辣椒品种‘方兴大将军’为试验材料,以拱棚内垄上25 cm土层每千克土壤干质量的百分比等比递增设置5种生物炭梯度:0%(T0)、0.5%(T1)、1%(T2)、2%(T3)、4%(T4)。在2021年的幼苗期和盛果期测定并分析各处理辣椒的农艺性状、叶绿素含量以及盛果期的根系生长指标、根系生理指标以及果实维生素C含量和产量。结果表明:首先,施加生物炭显著提高了连作辣椒的茎粗,但对辣椒的株高、分枝数和叶面开展度无影响;施加生物炭优化了辣椒叶片的光合性能;增加了根长、根表面积和根体积,根系活力明显增强。其次,施加生物炭处理下,辣椒根系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的活性显著增强,从而减少了根系中丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))的积累;生物炭的添加降低了植株受胁迫的程度,从而维持了根系中脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖等渗透调节物质含量的较低水平。最后,施加生物炭增加了辣椒果实中维生素C含量,提高了果实总产量。此外,生物炭对辣椒连作障碍的改良有一定的阈值,过多的生物炭添加量会对连作辣椒的生长产生不利影响。施加生物炭降低了由连作带来的逆境胁迫的伤害,有效地缓解了辣椒的连作障碍。根据本试验结果,宁南连作拱棚辣椒的生物炭推荐使用量为2%。
In this paper,the effect of biochar addition on growth,root physiological metabolism,and yield of continuously cropped peppers in the southern area of Ningxia was investigated.The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacles of arch shed pepper and to determine the appropriate amount of biochar to be used.From April to September 2021,a biochar addition experiment was conducted in an arch shed that had been continuously cropping peppers for 7 years in Pengyang county,Guyuan in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.The pepper variety‘Fangxing Dajiangjun’was used as a test material,which was mainly planted in Pengyang county.Five bochar gradients in the arch shed,inculding 0%(T0),0.5%(T1),1%(T2),2%(T3),4%(T4)of soil dry weight per kilogram at 25 cm soil layer on the ridge,were set:the agronomic traits,chlorophyll content at the seedling stage and full fruit stage,root growth index,root physiological index,fruit vitamin C content and yield of each treated pepper were measured and analyzed at the full fruit stage in 2021.The results showed that the application of biochar significantly increased the stem diameter of continuously cropped peppers but had no effect on plant height,branch number and leaf stretched length of pepper.The biochar also optimized the photosynthetic performance of pepper leaves,increased root length,root surface area and root volume,and significantly enhanced root vitality;under biochar treatment,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)of pepper roots were significantly enhanced,which reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde(MDA)and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))in the roots of pepper.Biochar reduced the stress degree of plants and maintained the low content of osmotic regulatory substances such as proline(Pro)and soluble sugar in roots;biochar also increased the content of vitamin C in pepper fruit and increased the total fruit yield.In addition,the improvement effect of biochar on continuous cropping obstacl
作者
牟舒敏
关月明
高晶霞
范子晗
李红兵
谢华
张风宝
张岁岐
MU Shumin;GUAN Yueming;GAO Jinxia;FAN Zihan;LI Hongbing;XIE Hua;ZHANG Fenbao;ZHANG Suiqi(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Germplasm Resources,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期1667-1680,共14页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
宁夏设施蔬菜高质量发展科技支撑关键技术研发项目(NGSB-2021-8-05)
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-G24)。
关键词
生物炭
连作障碍
根系生理代谢
拱棚辣椒
产量
Biochar
Continuous cropping obstacle
Root physiological metabolism
Arch shed pepper
Yield
