摘要
研究基于有限理性决策模型及人职匹配理论,对23名刚入职的研究生进行深度访谈,探讨研究生在就业单位性质、薪酬、就业地区、专业匹配度等方面的选择偏好及其背后原因。研究发现:研究生就业偏好特征包括偏好“公家”的单位性质、“高性价比”的薪酬、安逸的地区环境、在专业优先条件下追求稳定等。新冠肺炎疫情后社会经济发展增速放缓导致研究生在就业中具有风险厌恶与趋稳心态,高竞争成长环境催生研究生“躺平”心态,少子化背景下研究生与父母情感联结增强,并得到家庭物质积累及财富转移的托底,以及传统性别观念、研究生专业背景等因素都会影响研究生就业偏好。建议高校在研究生培养中加强多元就业观引导,通过校企联动消除就业中的知觉偏差,增强研究生就业信心,为研究生提供更多创新创业教育方面的指导。
Based on the limited rational decision model and person-job matching theory,the research conducted in-depth interviews with 23 newly employed postgraduate students to explore their preferences in the nature of employment unit,salary,employment region,professional matching degree and other aspects and the reasons behind them.The research finds that the characteristics of postgraduate students'employment preference include preferences for units of a“public”nature,“cost-effective”salary,a comfortable regional environment,and the pursuit of stability under the condition of professional priority.The slowdown of social and economic development after the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the risk-averse and stable mentality of postgraduate students in employment.The highly competitive growth environment has led to the“lying flat”mentality of postgraduate students.Under the background of fewer children,the emotional connection between postgraduate students and their parents has been enhanced,and the material accumulation and wealth transfer of their families have supported them.As well as the traditional gender concept,graduate professional background and other factors will affect the employment preference of postgraduate students.It is suggested that colleges and universities should strengthen the guidance of diversified employment concepts in the training of postgraduate students,eliminate the perception bias in employment through school-enterprise linkage,enhance the confidence of postgraduate students in employment,and provide more guidance for postgraduate students in innovation and entrepreneurship education.
作者
孙荪
SUN Sun(Center for Quality Assessment and Research in Higher Education,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023,China)
出处
《苏州大学学报（教育科学版）》
北大核心
2024年第3期108-117,共10页
Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)
关键词
研究生
就业偏好
编制
人职匹配
大学生就业
postgraduate students
employment preference
bianzhi
person-job matching
college student employment
