摘要
昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区位于青海省昆仑山北坡,地势险峻,自然环境恶劣,是中国山地生态系统中最完整、最原真的区域之一。为了全面掌握评估区植被类型、分布及生存现状,利用样方调查法,在昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区内设置168个植物群落调查样方,记录样方内物种组成、数量特征、生境信息等,并参考《中国植被》等划分植被类型。结果表明:(1)评估区共有种子植物46科146属384种,以禾本科(Poaceae)、菊科(Asteraceae)、豆科(Fabaceae)、苋科(Amaran⁃thaceae)植物为主。(2)评估区植被可划分为7个植被型组、11个植被型、17个植被亚型、36个群系,以草原、草甸及半灌木与草本荒漠为主要植被型,广泛分布有紫花针茅(Stipa purpurea)草原、高山嵩草(Carex parvula)草甸、蒿叶猪毛菜(Oreosalsola abrotanoides)荒漠等。总体而言,评估区植物多样性低,植被类型表现出独特性和过渡性;植被垂直带谱层次简单,基本由山地荒漠带、高寒草原带、高寒草甸带与高山稀疏植被带组成;水平分布由东向西、由南向北逐渐由草地植被过渡到荒漠植被。研究结果可以为昆仑山国家公园青海片区的创立及植被保护提供基础数据。
The evaluation area of Qinghai area of Kunlun Mountain National Park is located on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains in Qinghai Province,China.Due to its steep terrain and harsh natural environment,the area is sparsely populated and is one of the most complete and authentic mountainous ecosystems in China.In order to comprehensively grasp the vegetation types,distribution,and survival in the evaluation area,this study used the method of sample plot survey to set up 168 quadrats in the evaluation area of Qinghai area of Kunlun Mountain National Park,recording species composition,quantitative characteristics,habitat information,and referring to the classification of vegetation types and naming in the“Vegegraphy of China”,etc.The results show that:(1)There are a total of 384 species of seed plants in 46 families,146 genera,in the evaluation area,mainly Poaceae,Asteraceae,Fabaceae,and Amaranthaceae.(2)The vegetation in the assessment area can be divided into 7 vegetation type groups,11 vegetation types,17 vegetation subtypes,and 36 formations,mainly including Stipa purpurea grassland,Carex parvula meadow,and Oreosalsola abrotanoides desert.Overall,the plant diversity in the assessment area is low,and the vegetation exhibits uniqueness and transitional characteristics;the vertical vegetation zonation along the altitudinal gradient is incomplete,mainly composed of mountainous desert zone,alpine grassland zone,alpine meadow zone,and sparse alpine vegetation zone;The horizontal distribution gradually transitions from grassland vegetation to desert vegetation from east to west and from south to north.The research results provide basic data for the creation and vegetation protection of the Qinghai area of Kunlun Mountain National Park.
作者
范琳
牛玉
张发起
FAN Lin;NIU Yu;ZHANG Faqi(Northwest Surveying,Planning and Designing Institute,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Xi’an 710048,Shaanxi,China;Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,Xi’an 710048,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China)
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期1530-1541,共12页
Arid Land Geography
基金
中国科学院战略生物资源计划能力建设项目(KF-BRP-017-101)
国家林业和草原局西北调查规划院科技创新项目(XBYKJCX-2024-09)资助。
关键词
植被类型
群落结构
昆仑山国家公园
青海片区
vegetation type
community structure
Kunlun Mountain National Park
Qinghai area
