摘要
目的调查血液透析患者饮食健康信念潜在分类,并分析其影响因素。方法2023年4—5月选取湖南省某三级甲等医院血液净化中心收治的228例维持性血液透析患者作为调查对象,采取一般资料调查表、透析饮食健康信念量表(Dialysis Diet-Related Health Belief Questionnaire,DDHBQ)对患者进行调查,采用Rstudio 4.1.0软件的tidyPA程序包进行潜在剖面分析调查血液透析患者透析饮食健康不同类别,并分析血液透析患者透析饮食健康信念的影响因素。结果共回收220份有效问卷,回收有效率96.49%。潜在剖面分析结果显示,血液透析患者透析饮食健康信念特征可分为4个潜在类别:“稳定型”“严重型”“障碍型”“行动型”。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、职业、透析年龄、原发病、月收入状况是影响血液透析患者透析饮食健康信念的因素(P<0.05)。结论血液透析患者饮食健康信念有明显的分类特征,分为“稳定型”“严重型”“障碍型”“行动型”。医护人员应根据血液透析饮食健康信念影响因素对不同类别患者制订出具有针对性、人性化、更高效的饮食健康管理方案并进行积极的心理疏导,对患者进行系统化的健康教育,让患者更加了解疾病的治疗方案和相关诊疗知识,帮助患者进行科学饮食行为决策,以增强患者透析饮食健康信念,提高患者的生活质量。
Objective To investigate the potential classification of dietary health beliefs in hemodialysis patients and analyze the influencing factors.Methods From April to May 2023,228 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients admitted to the blood purification center of a Class III Grade A hospital in Hunan Province were selected as the survey subjects.The general information questionnaire and the Dialysis Diet-Related Health Belief Questionnaire(DDHBQ)were used to investigate the patients.The tidyPA package of Rstudio 4.1.0 software was used to conduct potential cross-sectional analysis to investigate the different categories of dialysis diet health of hemodialysis patients,and to analyze the influencing factors of dialysis diet health belief of hemodialysis patients.Results A total of 220 valid questionnaires were collected,the reclaiming efficiency was 96.49%.The results of the potential profile analysis showed that the dialysis diet health belief characteristics of hemodialysis patients can be divided into four potential categories:"stable","severe","barrier"and"action".The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level,occupation,dialysis age,primary disease,and monthly income status were factors affecting the health beliefs of hemodialysis patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The dietary health beliefs of hemodialysis patients have obvious classification characteristics,they were divided into"stable type","severe type","barrier type"and"action type".According to the influencing factors of hemodialysis diet health beliefs,medical staffshould formulate targeted,humane and more efficient dietary health management plans for different categories of patients and conduct positive psychological counseling,systematically educate patients about health,so that patients could better understand the treatment plan and related diagnosis and treatment knowledge of the disease,and help patients make scientific dietary behavior decisions to enhance patients'dietary health beliefs and improve pati
作者
徐玉娇
陈青
李铃佳
曾维轲
倪娟
吴秀丽
XU Yujiao;CHEN Qing;LI Lingjia;ZENG Weike;NI Juan;WU Xiuli(First Affi liated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410208,China;Changsha Contemporary Nurses Magazine Co.,Ltd,Changsha 410008,China;Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhuzhou 412012,China)
出处
《护理实践与研究》
2024年第9期1295-1302,共8页
Nursing Practice and Research
关键词
血液透析
饮食
健康信念
潜在剖面
影响因素
Hemodialysis
Diet
Health beliefs
Potential profile
Influencing factors
