摘要
甲状腺激素与性激素分别通过下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴和下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴调节维持体内动态平衡,通过正负反馈调节机制发挥协同效应与拮抗作用。甲状腺激素对睾丸和卵巢发育过程中具有一定调节作用;而性激素水平异常也可对甲状腺功能造成影响,雌激素可通过雌激素受体β参与甲亢的发生与发展,还可促进甲状腺干细胞增殖,甲状腺细胞进一步增殖形成结节。此外,雌激素可通过雌激素受体依赖机制促进甲状腺癌细胞增殖,甚至参与血管生成和转移过程,对甲状腺癌的结局和预后起到重要作用。
Thyroid and sex hormones maintain dynamic balance in the body through the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,respectively,and exert synergistic and antagonistic effects through positive and negative feedback regulatory mechanisms.Thyroid hormones can regulate and affect the development of the testicles and ovaries,while abnormal levels of sex hormones can also affect thyroid function.Estrogen can participate in the occurrence and development of hyperthyroidism through estrogen receptor beta,and can also promote the proliferation of thyroid stem cells to form nodules.Besides,estrogen can promote the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism,and even participate in the angiogenesis and metastasis processes,playing an important role in the outcome and prognosis of thyroid cancer.
作者
许琳
Xu Lin(Department of Endocrinology,Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211112,China)
出处
《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》
CAS
2024年第3期315-318,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)
基金
超声引导下改进无水酒精治疗甲状腺囊性结节的疗效分析(JXYY202007)。
