摘要
《学位法》的出台,有针对性地解决了学位管理中的诸多重点和难点问题,在一些重要议题上进行了重要的制度创新,对于巩固学位制度改革成果、健全学位工作体制,厘清学位法律关系、规范学位授予工作,促进学位规制治理、保障学位质量,实质化解学位争议、保护学位申请人合法权益等具有重要意义。《学位法》延续了《学位条例》确立的国家学位形态,但仍为我国学位形态的可能变革在立法上留下了空间。《学位法》创造性地拟制了“学位申请人”这一法律主体,将“保护学位申请人的合法权益”写入立法目的条款,彰显了我国在学位授予活动中对受教育者权利保障的关照。相较于《学位条例》,更为具体的学位撤销程序是《学位法》的一大亮点,学术复核制度是其重要制度创新。《学位法》蕴涵了人才培养的价值、制度和现实导向,要更好地推进学位授予与人才培养的结合。学位制度改革呼唤更加精细化的制度供给,要完善学位授权审核制度、推进科学动态调整,完善高校内部管理制度、提高质量保障水平,完善外部专家审阅制度、提供客观同行评价,完善学位争议解决制度、保障学生合法权益。
The promulgation of the Degree Law has targeted many key and difficult issues in degree management, and made important systematic innovations on some important issues. The law plays a key role in consolidating the achievements of degree system reform and improving the degree system, clarifying legal relations and standardizing degree conferment, promoting degree regulation and governance and guaranteeing the quality of degrees, effectively resolving degree disputes and protecting legitimate rights and interests of degree candidates. The law retains the national degree form established in the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Academic Degrees, but still leaves legislative room for possible reforms of the degree form. The law creatively formulates the legal subject of "degree candidate", and writes "protecting the legitimate rights and interests of degree candidates" into the intent clause of the legislation, which shows China pays attention to the protection of the rights of the educatees in the degree-awarding activities. Compared with the Degree Regulations, the law highlights a more specific degree revocation procedure and systematic innovation of academic review system. The law embodies the orientation in values, mechanism and realities of talent cultivation, and better put forward the collaboration of degree conferment and talent cultivation. The degree system reform calls for more refined institutional provisions, aiming to improve the degree authorization review system and promote scientific dynamic adjustments, enhance the internal management system of higher education institutions and improve the level of quality assurance, upgrade external expert review system and provide objective peer reviews, and last but least, ameliorate degree dispute resolution system and protect the legitimate rights and interests of degree candidates.
出处
《大学与学科》
CSSCI
2024年第2期16-42,共27页
Universities and disciplines
关键词
《学位法》
学位管理
学位制度
学术复核
学位撤销
学位形态
学位申请人权利
the Degree Law
degree management
degree system
academic review
degree revocation
degree form
rights of degree candidates
