摘要
通过测算分析北京市7种蔬菜土地产出率、劳动生产率、资源利用率(简称“三率”)现状,分析各类蔬菜生产和资源利用情况,与全国大中城市平均水平相比较,得到北京市蔬菜生产优势品种和需要发展品种。研究表明:优势蔬菜为设施番茄,相对优势蔬菜有两种,分别是露地茄子和设施茄子,待发展蔬菜有4种,分别为设施菜椒、露地大白菜、设施黄瓜、露地黄瓜,其中设施番茄种植水平较高,露地茄子和设施茄子有相对种植优势,设施黄瓜在产量提升层面有一定潜力;对比设施蔬菜和露地蔬菜“三率”发现,除农膜利用率外,设施蔬菜“三率”均显著高于露地蔬菜;与全国大中城市相比,农膜利用率大部分低于全国大中城市平均水平。基于此,从提高复种指数、加强技术培训、推动绿色生产等3个方面提出了提升北京蔬菜生产“三率”的建议。
By calculating and analyzing the current situation of land output rate,labor productivity,and resource utilization rate of 7 types of vegetables in Beijing,called"three rates"for short,this study analyzed the production and resource utilization of various types of vegetables,by comparing with large and medium-sized cities nationwide,the dominant varieties and the varieties to be developed in Beijing vegetable production were identified.The research showed that the dominant vegetable is facility tomato,with two types of relatively advantageous vegetables,namely open field eggplant and facility eggplant.There are four types of vegetables to be developed,namely facility pepper,open field Chinese cabbage,facility cucumber,and open field cucumber.Among them,facility tomato has a higher planting level,while open field eggplant and facility eggplant have relative planting advantages.Facility cucumber has certain potential for yield improvement;comparing the"three rates"of facility vegetables and outdoor vegetables,it was found that except for the utilization rate of agricultural film,the"three rates"of facility vegetables were significantly higher than those of outdoor vegetables;compared with large and medium-sized cities nationwide,the utilization rate of agricultural film is mostly lower than the average level of large and medium-sized cities nationwide.Based on this,suggestions were put forward to improve the"three rates"of vegetable production in Beijing from three aspects:increasing the multiple cropping index,strengthening training,and promoting green production.
作者
李心璇
何忠伟
Li Xinxuan;He Zhongwei(Economics and Management School,Beijing Uniersity of Agriculture/Beijing Rural Revitalization Research Base,Beijing 102206)
出处
《农业展望》
2024年第7期81-88,共8页
Agricultural Outlook
基金
2023年北京社科基金重点项目“北京建立健全生态产品价值实现机制研究”(23JCB027)。
关键词
蔬菜生产
土地产出率
劳动生产率
农业资源利用率
测算
北京市
vegetables production
land output rate
labor productivity
resource utilization rate
calculation
Beijing
