摘要
当下体育中高考改革取向存在较为严重的学理误区和伦理缺失,其中的学理议题涉及体育中高考改革取向的内在动因和效度,通常作为该项改革的逻辑起点。对相关学理误区予以审视和澄清,可为体育中高考改革的决策、调适,以及学校体育合理定位、体教融合提供理论支持。分析认为:(1)相关改革取向与“体育”难以兼容。基于体育的“考”与“教”具有不同的规定,升学区分性考试内容和要求难以评价、促进学生体育素养和能力的发展,并对学校“体教融合”造成消解。(2)相关改革取向与“健康”难以切合。基于体适能不同类型及发展的参照,“体质健康”主导的考试与“健康”存在偏离;考试相关要求或导向对部分学生造成健康隐患,且对肥胖、近视等“健康问题”缺乏针对性。(3)体育中高考改革决策需厘清体育中高考评价的实质、“体育与健康”的定位及改革的利弊,也即明确体育中高考所评价的主要是一种非基本或特定的运动能力。研究提出:体育中高考相关改革取向具有某些结构性的局限,不宜强行推行;作为权宜性举措,应将体育中考明确为“水平考”或“达标考”;对体育中高考相关问题的审视及改革决策,需置于学校体育内在规定、体育“人文-教育”价值与健康追求3要素构成的分析框架之下。
At present,there are relatively serious academic misunderstandings and ethical deficiency in the reform orientation of PE entrance examination for senior high school and college.The internal motivation and validity of the reform orientation,related to these theoretical issues,usually serve as the logical starting point of the reform.Clarification of the relevant academic misunderstandings can provide theoretical support for the decision-making and adjustment of the reform of PE entrance examination,the positioning of school PE and the integration of sports and education.It argues that:(1)Compatibility between the reform orientation of PE entrance exam and physical education is difficult.The differentiated examination contents and requirements will make it difficult to assess studentsphysical literacy and ability,and will undermine the“integration of sports and education”in schools.(2)The reform orientation of PE entrance exam is difficult to relate to“health”.Based on reference to different types and development of physical fitness,the“physical health”items and requirements of the examination may deviate from the health orientation;The relevant requirements or guidance of the examination will have cause health risks to some students,and lack of pertinency to health issues like obesity and myopia.(3)There is a need to clarify the assessment essence of the reform decision of PE entrance examination,the inherent rules of physical education and health,and the the advantages and disadvantages of the reform.In particular,the PE entrance examination evaluates mainly a non-basic or specific athletic ability.It is proposed that:the reform orientation of PE entrance exam has some structural limitations,which should not be forced to carry out;As a expedient measure,PE entrance examination for senior high school should be clearly defined as a“level test”or a“differentiated test”.The inspection and reform decision of PE entrance examination related issues should be made under the analytical framework consi
作者
熊文
吴绍奎
XIONG Wen;WU Shaokui(College of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Physical Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《西安体育学院学报》
北大核心
2024年第3期403-413,共11页
Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目(19ATY003)。
关键词
体育中考
体育高考
必考科目
体质健康
体教融合
PE entrance exam for senior high school
PE entrance exam for college
compulsory subject
physical health
in⁃tegration of sports and education
