摘要
游牧自身所具有的移动性和季节性强的特点,使其无法成为一种自给自足的生计手段。因此,匈奴将以谷物种植为主要内容的农业作为游牧的辅助性生计。以蒙古国诺音乌拉苏祖克特墓地、高勒毛都墓地、额金高勒遗址群和俄罗斯外贝加尔地区伊沃尔加古城为代表的考古资料较为全面地揭示了匈奴农业发展的面貌。匈奴人不仅充分利用自然条件和资源来种植谷物,而且有意识地以三种类型的仓储设施来储积谷物,并将其用于食用和丧葬仪式。匈奴的谷物种植和储藏,是与秦汉时期以农业为主要生业模式的中原农耕人群广泛交往和交融的结果,这种持续而广泛的交往和交融,为后来南匈奴和部分北匈奴融入汉族奠定了基础。
The mobility and seasonal nature of pastoralism make it unable to serve as a self-sufficient livelihood.Therefore,the Xiongnu supplemented their nomadic lifestyle with agriculture that was primarily focusing on grain cultivation.Archaeological evidence,represented by sites such as the Noin-Ula burial site in Mongolia,the Gol Mod Ⅱ site,the Ejina-Gol site,and the ancient city of Ivolga in the Outer Baikal region of Russia,comprehensively reveals the agricultural development of the Xiongnu.They not only utilized natural conditions and resources for grain cultivation but also consciously employed three types of storage facilities to preserve grains for consumption and funeral rituals.The cultivation and storage of grains by the Xiongnu were the result of extensive interaction and integration with the Central Plains agrarian societies during the Qin and Han periods,where agriculture was the primary mode of livelihood.This sustained and widespread interaction and integration laid the foundation for the subsequent assimilation of Southern and some Northern Xiongnu into the Han ethnic group.
作者
官士刚
王峰
CUAN Shi-gang;WANG Feng(Liaocheng University;New Era University College)
出处
《中华民族共同体研究》
2024年第3期92-112,173,共22页
Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies
基金
国家民委民族研究项目“考古学视野下的北方民族仓储史研究”(2021-GMB-033)的阶段性成果。
