摘要
发展新质生产力是重大的理论命题。本文梳理了新质生产力的概念体系,并将创新特别是颠覆性技术创新置于核心位置。在此基础上,通过对“大分流”与长期经济增长的历史考察和对经济长波与增长根源的经验分析,揭示技术创新的革命性意义。经济的长期增长,不仅取决于颠覆性技术的创新,也取决于与之关联的技术采纳和技术渗透。文章从“凡勃伦命题”出发,将人类的“三项本能”及其对应的“三类主体”与新质生产力的“三大催生”连接起来,构建“三项本能×三类主体×三大催生”的分析框架,以期揭示新质生产力的生成逻辑。其中,由“求知本能”驱动的颠覆性技术创新,其创新主体主要是思想家与战略科学家,其有效性来源于思想市场及其竞争;由“功利本能”驱动的技术采纳与生产要素创新性配置,其创新主体主要是企业家群体,其有效性来源于企业家市场及其竞争;由“亲善本能”驱动的技术渗透与产业深度转型升级,其创新主体主要是政府,其有效性来源于国家之间的战略竞争。进而,文章基于“熊彼特-张培刚”生产函数及其基要性变革,阐明了提升全要素生产率的决定机理。最后,文章进一步关注新质生产力推进农业高质量发展的目标定位与努力方向,提出了农业领域发展新质生产力的若干方案性策略。
Developing new quality productive forces is an important theoretical proposition.This paper reviews the conceptual system of new quality productive forces,centering on innovation,especially disruptive technological innovation.On this basis,this paper reveals the revolutionary significance of technological innovation through the historical examination of the"Great Divergence"and long-term economic growth on the one hand,and the empirical analyses of economic long waves and root sources of economic growth on the other.Long-term economic growth depends not only on disruptive technological innovations,but also on the widespread adoption and application of related technologies.Starting from the proposition of Veblen,the paper connects the"three instincts of human beings"and their corresponding"three types of subjects"with the"three promoters"of the new quality productive forces,and constructs an analytical framework of the"three instincts×three subjects×three promoters",aiming to reveal the generation logic of new quality productive forces.Among them,for the disruptive technological innovation driven by the"intellectual instinct',its innovation subjects mainly are thinkers and strategic scientists,and its effectiveness stems from the market of ideas and their competition.For the technology adoption and innovative allocation of productive factors driven by the utilitarian instinct',its innovation subjects mainly are entrepreneurial groups,and its effectiveness stems from the market of entrepreneurs and their competition.For the technology application and industrial deep transformation and upgrading driven by the"goodwill instinct',its main subject of innovation is the government,and its effectiveness stems from the strategic competition among countries.Moreover,based on the Schumpeter-Peikang Chang production function and its fundamental changes,this paper elucidates the determining mechanism of improving total factor productivity.Finally,the paper further focuses on the target positioning and direction of efforts fo
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第8期2-26,共25页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目“乡村振兴战略实施中政府与市场的关系及其协调研究”(编号:71933004)的资助。
关键词
新质生产力
“凡勃伦命题”
颠覆性创新
基要性变革
农业高质量发展
New Quality Productive Forces
Proposition of Veblen
Disruptive Innovation
Fundamental Change
High-Quality DevelopmentofAgriculture
