摘要
为了提高北疆地区规模化养殖场中湖羊母羊的繁殖性能和饲养管理水平,试验于2021年1—10月份对新疆乌鲁木齐市米东区某种羊场的1 780只2~5岁的经产湖羊母羊的繁殖性能及所产的4 137只羔羊生长发育情况及饲养管理条件进行调查和分析,调查指标包括母羊流产率、难产率、产羔率、产羔类型(单羔、双羔、三羔、四羔、五羔)、羔羊断奶成活率、羔羊初生重、羔羊性别、羔羊断奶重和日增重。结果表明:湖羊在北疆地区表现出良好的繁殖性能,经产母羊平均难产率为23.09%,7月份难产率最高(17.19%),9月份最低(9.38%);平均流产率为2.87%,2月份流产率最高(13.79%),5月份最低(0.85%);平均产羔率为232.42%。产羔主要集中在3—5月份,产羔率在3月份达到最高(243.82%),8月份最低(197.06%);在所产4 137只羔羊中,单羔、双羔、三羔、四羔、五羔数量分别为203,1 784,1 776,324,50只,分别占总羔羊数的4.91%、43.12%、42.93%、7.83%、1.21%;单羔、双羔、三羔、四羔、五羔的断奶成活率分别为96.05%、90.08%、89.47%、67.59%、32.00%,羔羊的断奶成活率与产羔类型呈负相关关系;断奶成活率在10月份达到最高(93.86%),1月份最低(79.32%)。羔羊平均初生重在4月份达到最大(3.14 kg),6月份最低(为2.86 kg);随着湖羊胎产羔数的增加,羔羊平均初生重均呈现降低趋势。公羔平均初生重在6月份最大(3.42 kg),1月份最小(2.82 kg);平均断奶重在4月份最大(19.65 kg),1月份最小(16.97 kg);平均日增重在4,10月份较大(276.00 g),1月份最小(235.00 g)。母羔的平均初生重在10月份最大(3.10 kg),2月份最小(2.66 kg);平均断奶重在5月份最大(19.03 kg),1月份最小(16.28 kg);平均日增重在5月份最大(270.00 g),1月份最小(224.00 g)。说明新疆乌鲁木齐地区自然交配条件下的湖羊经产母羊产羔率优于新疆本地肉羊品种,但与原产地的湖羊有一定差距。
In order to improve the reproductive performance and feeding management level of Hu sheep ewes in large-scale farms in the Urumqi region of Northern Xinjiang area, in the test, from January to October in 2021, the reproductive performance of 1 780 2 to 5-year-old fertile Hu sheep ewes and the growth and development of 4 137 lambs produced as well as the feeding and management conditions were investigated and analyzed in a sheep farm in Midong District, Urumqi City, Xinjiang area. Indexes of the survey included ewe abortion rate, difficult birth rate, lambing rate, lambing types(single, double, triple, quadruple, and quintuple), lamb weaning survival rate, lamb birth weight, lamb sex, lamb weaning weight, and daily weight gain. The results showed that Hu sheep showed good reproductive performance in Urumqi area of Northern Xinjiang area;the average difficult birth rate of ewes in parturition(23.09%) was the highest in July(17.19%) and the lowest in September(9.38%). And the average abortion rate was 2.87%, with the highest abortion rate in February(13.79%) and the lowest in May(0.85%). The average lambing rate was 232.42%;lambing was mainly concentrated in March to May, with the highest lambing rate in March(243.82%) and the lowest in August(197.06%). Among the 4,137 lambs produced, the numbers of single, double, triple, quadruple, and quintuple lambs were 203, 1 784, 1 776, 324, and 50 lambs, accounting for 4.91%, 43.12%, 42.93%, 7.83%, and 1.21% of the total number of lambs, respectively;the weaning survival rates of single, double, triple, quadruple, and quintuple lambs were 96.05%, 90.08%, 89.47%, 67.59%, and 32.00%, respectively;the weaning survival rate of lambs was negatively correlated with the type of lambing;the weaning survival rate was the highest in October(93.86%) and the lowest in January(79.32%). The average newborn weight of lambs was the highest in April(3.14 kg) and the lowest in June(2.81 kg);with the increase of the number of lambs in Hu sheep tires, the average newborn weight of lambs showed
作者
何新宇
王江
吴飞
石兰
马梅兰
依明·苏来曼
HE Xinyu;WANG Jiang;WU Fei;SHI Lan;MA Meilan;YIMING Sulaiman(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第16期48-53,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
2021年自治区畜牧业生产发展计划项目(xjnqry-g-2104)
新疆和田地区农业农村局肉羊养殖示范项目(2021H)。
关键词
北疆地区
湖羊
繁殖性能
羔羊
生长发育
Northern Xinjiang area
Hu sheep
reproductive performance
lambs
growth and development
