摘要
密立根油滴实验是大学物理实验中的重要课程。实验中学生通过宏观的力学研究微观世界的量子性,能够培养学生的动手能力自主学习能力、对已有知识的综合运用能力、组织协调能力。然而教学中存在实验样本少、实验流程长、“试错”选择性筛选结果等问题。本文通过分析教学成果,探讨了教学过程中存在的缺陷,并提出对教学设备进行改进的方案:使用机器视觉来改进密立根油滴实验的流程,实时图像处理和自动化数据收集,学生可以更专注于实验的理论和结果分析,而不是繁琐的操作过程。这样的系统还可以使实验结果更易于分享和讨论,增加互动性,从而提高学生的学习积极性和吸收效果。不仅可以提高教学质量,还可以激发学生的兴趣,培养他们的科学素养和创新能力。这是教育技术发展的一个重要方向,值得探索和实施。
Milligan′s oil drop experiment is an important course in university physics experiments.In the experiment,students study the quantum nature of the microscopic world through macroscopic mechanics,which can cultivate students′hands-on ability,independent learning ability,ability to comprehensively apply existing knowledge,and ability to organize and coordinate.However,there are problems in teaching such as small experimental samples,long experimental procedures,and“trial and error”selective screening results.It analyzes the teaching results,discusses the defects in the teaching process,and proposes a plan to improve teaching equipment:using machine vision to improve the process of Millikan′s oil drop experiment,real-time image processing and automated data collection,so that students can be more focused on experimental theory and result analysis,rather than cumbersome operating procedures.Such a system can also make experimental results easier to share and discuss,increasing interactivity,thus improving students′learning motivation and absorption.It can not only improve the quality of teaching,but also stimulate students′interest and cultivate their scientific literacy and innovation ability.This is an important direction in the development of educational technology and is worthy of exploration and implementation.
作者
徐中炜
吕佩伟
施洋
马靖
XU Zhongwei;L Peiwei;SHI Yang;MA Jing(College of Physics and Information Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《大学物理实验》
2024年第4期101-107,共7页
Physical Experiment of College
基金
福建省高校物理学学科联盟教学改革项目(FJPHYS-2023-B04)。
关键词
油滴实验
密立根油滴
元电荷
机器视觉
教学研究
oil-drop experiment
millikan experiment
metacharge
machine vision
teaching and research
