摘要
对北京市7个区116位小果型西瓜和甜瓜种植户的灌溉情况进行调研,分析了灌溉水源、灌溉方式和灌溉制度。结果显示:灌溉机井首部既有变频又有过滤设备的园区仅占43.5%,个体农户仅占15.9%;采用了节水灌溉方式的调查对象占57.0%,其中47.7%采用了滴灌,9.3%采用了微喷;春茬小果型西瓜每667 m^(2)灌溉量以100~150 m^(3)为主(占35.4%),秋茬小果型西瓜每667 m^(2)灌溉量以小于100 m^(3)为主(占46.3%),春茬甜瓜每667 m^(2)灌溉量以小于100 m^(3)为主(占52.6%)。针对节水灌溉存在的问题,提出了完善灌溉系统、优化节水灌溉模式,加大技术推广力度等发展建议。
This study investigated and surveyed the irrigation conditions of 116 small fruit type watermelon and melon growers in 7 districts of Be ijing;and analyzed the irrigation water source,irrigation method and irrigation system.The results showed that only 43.5%of the planting parks had both frequency conversion and filtration equipment at the head of the irrigation shaft.Individual farmer households only accounted for 15.9%.And 57.0%of the respondents adopted water-saving irrigation method,47.7%of them adopted drip irrigation,and 9.3%of them used micro jet.The irrigation volume for small fruit type watermelon in spring was mainly 1500~2250 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(taking 35.4%).The irrigation volume for small fruit type watermelon in autumn was less than 1500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(taking 46.3%).While,the irrigation volume for spring melon was mainly less than 1500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(taking 52.6%).In response to the existing problems,the paper puts forward suggestions for future development.They were perfecting integration system,optimizing water-saving irrigation mode,and increasing promotion effort,etc.
作者
岳焕芳
张雪梅
胡潇怡
安顺伟
孟范玉
宗静
YUE Huanfang;ZHANG Xu emei;HU Xiaoyi;AN Shunwei;MENG Fanyu;ZONG Jing(Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2024年第8期15-18,共4页
China Vegetables
基金
北京市特色作物创新团队项目(BAIC04-2023)。
关键词
北京市
小果型西瓜
甜瓜
灌溉
调研
Beijing
small fruit type watermelon
melon
irrigation
investigation and survey
