摘要
目的 评估2022年广元市饮用水中23种化学物质健康风险,为科学管理饮用水提供依据。方法 收集2022年广元市615份水样中23种化学物质的检测结果,采用“四步法”健康风险模型对其进行人群健康风险评估,并对不同类型和季节水样中主要化学物质的健康风险进行分层分析。多组样本比较用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验,两组样本比较用MannWhitney U检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2022年广元市饮用水中23种化学物质的合格率介于93.66%~100.00%,水质总体情况较好。2022年广元市成人经口摄入饮用水中化学物质致癌风险排序为砷>三氯甲烷>铬(六价)>四氯化碳>铅,砷和三氯甲烷的致癌风险为2.22×10^(-5)和3.11×10^(-6)。非致癌风险最高为氟化物,其次为砷和锑,均未超过不良反应阈值,在可接受范围内。分析结果显示,各化学物质对男性的健康风险高于女性。二次供水中砷、铬(六价)和三氯甲烷的致癌风险高于出厂水、管网末梢水和直饮水,直饮水中铅的致癌风险高于出厂水、管网末梢水和二次供水。砷、铅、铬(六价)和三氯甲烷的致癌风险在夏季高于其他季节。结论 2022年广元市饮用水中的砷和三氯甲烷是致癌风险的主要化学物质,氟化物是非致癌风险的主要化学物质,应采取针对性措施加强饮用水风险管理。相比其他水样类型,二次供水中砷、铬(六价)和三氯甲烷以及直饮水中铅的致癌风险有增高的可能,应引起关注。
Objective To evaluate the health risks of 23 chemical substances in drinking water in Guangyuan City in 2022,and to provide a basis for scientific management of drinking water.Methods Testing results of 23 chemical substances in 615 water samples from Guangyuan City in2022 were collected.The “four-step” health risk model was established for population health risk assessment,and the health risks of major chemical substances in different types and seasons of water samples were analyzed.Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used for the comparison of maltiple groups of samples,and Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of two groups of samples,with the test level α =0.05.Results The qualified rate of 23 chemical substances was between 93.66% and 100.00% in drinking water of Guangyuan City in 2022,and the overall water quality was good.The order of carcinogenic risk of chemicals in drinking water ingested by adults was arsenic>chloroform>chromium(hexavalent)>carbon tetrachloride>lead in Guangyuan City in2022.The carcinogenic risk of arsenic and chloroform was 2.22×10^(-5)and 3.11×10^(-6),respectively.The highest non-carcinogenic risk chemical was fluoride,followed by arsenic and antimony,which did not exceed the adverse reaction threshold and were within the acceptable range.The health risks of each chemical were higher for males than for females.The carcinogenic risk of arsenic,chromium(hexavalent) and chloroform in secondary water supply was higher than that in finished water,tap water and direct drinking water.The carcinogenic risk of lead in direct drinking water was higher than that in finished water,tap water and secondary water supply.The carcinogenic risk of arsenic,lead,chromium(hexavalent) and chloroform was higher in summer than that in other seasons.Conclusions In 2022,arsenic and chloroform in drinking water were the main chemical substances of carcinogenic risk in Guangyuan City,and fluoride was the main chemical substance of non-carcinogenic risk,and targeted measures should be taken to stre
作者
许东海
赵斌
陆建伟
谭学蓉
杨容
苟薇妮
XU Donghai;ZHAO Bin;LU Jianwei;TAN Xuerong;YANG Rong;GOU Weini(Guangyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangyuan 628000,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2024年第7期829-839,共11页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
饮用水
化学物质
健康风险评估
drinking water
chemical substances
health risk assessment
