摘要
目的了解甘肃省定西市农村饮用水水质状况,评估农村饮用水对人群健康的潜在危害,为有关部门的饮用水风险管理提供数据支持。方法应用美国环境保护署推荐的健康风险评价模型,对2018年定西市农村饮用水(末梢水)监测结果评价健康风险。结果 2018年定西市农村饮用水(末梢水)年致癌性健康风险为1.44E-06(a-1),致癌物的健康风险顺序为铬(六价)>镉>砷>三氯甲烷>四氯化碳>铅;年非致癌性健康风险为4.12E-09(a-1),排序前三位的为氟化物、砷和硝酸盐氮;年健康总风险为1.44E-06(a-1),以致癌性健康风险为主,占健康总风险的99.71%,各县(区)健康总风险排序为通渭县>安定区>陇西县>临洮县>渭源县>漳县>岷县。结论定西市农村饮用水年健康总风险在国际辐射防护委员会(5.0E-05)和美国环境保护署(1.0E-04)推荐的最大可接受风险水平值以内,长期饮用不会对人体产生危害;健康风险主要由致癌性化学物引起,应予以重点关注;不同县(区)致癌性化学物健康风险排序不同,应针对各自的主要致癌物查找原因,制定整改方案;氟化物引起的非致癌性健康风险不容忽视。
Objective To understand the quality status of rural drinking water in Dingxi city of Gansu province, evaluate the potential hazard of rural drinking water to the population health, and provide data support for related department managing the risk of drinking water. Methods The health risk assessment model recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency was applied to evaluate the health risk of the surveillance results of rural drinking water(terminal water) in Dingxi in2018. Results The annual carcinogenic risk was 1.44E-06(a-1) in Dingxi city in 2018, with the risk sequence of carcinogens of chromium(hexavalent)> cadmium > arsenic > chloroform > carbon tetrachloride > lead. The annual noncarcinogenic risk was 4.12 E-09(a-1), with the top three chemical compounds of fluoride, arsenic and nitrate nitrogen. The annual total risk was 1.44 E-06(a-1), the cancer-related risks were the dominant and accounted for 99.71% of total health risks.The total risk sequence among all counties(district) was Tongwei county > Anding district > Longxi county > Lintao county > Weiyuan county > Zhang county > Min county. Conclusions As the recommendation of International Radiation Protection Committee(5.0E-05) and US Environmental Protection Agency(1.0E-04), the annual total health risk of rural drinking water is lower than the maximum acceptable level, without hazard to human health if drinking in Dingxi city for long time. Attention should be paid to carcinogenic chemicals resulting in health risk. The sources of the carcinogenic chemicals should be searched for and the rectification plan should be formulated according to the health risk sequence in all counties(district). The non-carcinogenic risk of fluoride cannot be ignored.
作者
王宝强
马文奇
苟红梅
WANG Bao-qiang;MA Wen-qi;GOU Hong-mei(Dingxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dingxi, Gansu 743000, China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2019年第3期47-51,共5页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
农村饮用水
健康风险
评价
Rural drinking water
Health risk
Assessment
