摘要
1930年施行的《中华民国民法债编》第681条骤改合伙“按股分担”习惯,实行连带无限责任制度。此制度改变了本土合伙企业中债务风险责任分配,扩大了合伙人的债务责任范围。商界认为此举导致合伙人权利与义务悬殊,有失立法公平,遂发起强烈抗议。在商界抗争下,潘序伦曾提出“分担无限公司”设想,但未获得学界、商界认可。部分立法委员提议下,1933年9月立法院表示可以在商业登记法中进行补救,即以合伙企业登记注册为前提,将合伙习惯融入成文法。基于此,“按股分担”习惯被纳入《商业登记法草案》第9条。然而,历经多次审议讨论,立法院最终未能通过该草案第9条,而是借助民法隐名合伙理论消弹了争议。通过对该问题的历时性考察,可以对中国本土合伙责任问题提供新思考,也有助于展现固有商业习惯和新式法律之间的复杂关系。
In 1930,Article 681 of the Civil Code of the Republic of China introduced joint and several unlimited liability for partnerships,expanding the scope of liability of partners for debt risks.However,businesspersons protested the disparity between the rights and obligations of partners.Under the protest of the merchants,Shu Lun Pan proposed the idea of“Pro-Rata's unlimited company”(分担无限公司),but it was not approved by the academic and business circles.At the suggestion of some legislators,the legislature indicated that the remedy could be in the business registration law..The registration of partnership firms was a prerequisite for the incorporation of local partnership customs into statutory law.Based on this,the custom of“Pro-Rata's liability”(按股分担)was incorporated into Article 9 of the Draft Commercial Registration Law.However,after many deliberations,the Legislative Yuan was unable to adopt Article 9 of the draft,and the controversy was eliminated through the civil law theory of anonymous partnership.This issue highlights the complex relationship between inherent customs and new styles of law,providing new insights into partnership liability in China.
出处
《中国经济史研究》
北大核心
2024年第4期130-143,共14页
Researches in Chinese Economic History
基金
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(23CLJ03)
山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”(2022RW079)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2023M742036)阶段性成果。
关键词
合伙
债务
习惯
无限责任
Partnership
Debt
Custom
Unlimited Liability
