摘要
近年来,随着人口老龄化的加剧以及隧道建造环境越来越恶劣,机器代人成为了当前隧道建设发展的必然趋势。作为当前隧道工程的两大主流施工工法之一,钻爆法相较掘进机法能够适应各种隧道断面形式和地质条件,灵活性和适应性更强,应用更加广泛;同时,得益于大数据、物联网、5G通讯、人工智能等技术的快速发展和深度融合,钻爆法隧道智能建造技术已经得到了迅速的发展,在隧道围岩智能评价与爆破设计、智能施工装备、智能化建造管控平台以及辅助工序装备上均有了一定的积累和突破。由此,在信息技术、隧道建造技术和智能装备进一步融合的基础上,已初步形成了隧道建设新模式——钻爆法隧道智能建造。首先,系统阐述了钻爆法隧道的发展历程,详细介绍了当前钻爆法隧道智能建造体系;其次,介绍了围岩智能评价与智能化爆破设计的相关进展;随后,介绍了智能凿岩台车、智能锚注台车、智能拱架台车、智能湿喷台车及智能衬砌台车的发展历程和智能化提升过程,同时,对当前隧道智能化管控平台技术体系和应用情况进行了说明;之后,在前期的科研成果基础上,针对隧道施工辅助工序中遇到的问题,研发了隧道掌子面勘察测量机器人和掌子面围岩坍塌预警机器人,部分成果已经在现场推广应用。最后,针对智能化机器人在长、大、深埋隧道中自主行进、自主控制和自主作业的难题,提出了探索思路,以期为中国隧道智能化建造技术发展和灾害主动防控提供参考。
In recent years,with increasingly harsh tunnel construction environments and the labor-force population aging,the replacement of human labor with machines has become an inevitable trend in current tunnel construction developments.As one of the two mainstream tunnel construction methods currently employed,the drill-and-blast method possesses greater flexibility and adaptability than the tunnel-boring machine method because of its ability to accommodate various tunnel cross-sectional shapes and geological conditions.Consequently,this method is being more widely applied.Moreover,with the rapid advancement and profound integration of technologies such as big data,Internet of Things,5G communication,and artificial intelligence,intelligent construction techniques for drilling and blasting methods have witnessed rapid progress.Significant achievements have been made in the intelligent evaluation and blasting design of tunnel surrounding rock,intelligent construction equipment,intelligent construction management platforms,and auxiliary process equipment.Thus,through further integration of information technology,tunnel construction technology,and intelligent equipment,a new model for tunnel construction has emerged,namely,intelligent tunnel construction.This study presents a comprehensive account of the evolutionary trajectory of the drilling and blasting methods in tunnel construction,delving into the intricacies of the current intelligent construction system employed in this method.Subsequently,the notable advancements in intelligent evaluation of the surrounding rock and intelligent blasting design are elucidated.Furthermore,the development and enhancement of intelligent rock-drilling,anchor,arch,wet spraying,and lining trolleys are traced.The current state and application of intelligent control platform technology in tunnel construction is provided.Building upon prior research achievements,this article also discusses the development of tunnel-face surveying and measurement robots as well as collapse-warning robots for
作者
李利平
邹浩
刘洪亮
屠文锋
陈雨雪
LI Li-ping;ZOU Hao;LIU Hong-liang;TU Wen-feng;CHEN Yu-xue(School of Qilu Transportation,Shandong University,Jinan 250002,Shandong,China;Institute of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong,China)
出处
《中国公路学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1-21,共21页
China Journal of Highway and Transport
基金
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(52025091)
国家自然科学基金项目(52109127)
国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U1934218)。
关键词
隧道工程
钻爆法
综述
智能建造
智能施工装备
智能管控平台
辅助工序装备
tunnel engineering
drill-and-blast method
review
intelligent construction
intelligent construction equipment
intelligent control platform
auxiliary process equipment
