摘要
基于四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区2019—2022年135台红外相机的监测数据,研究了同域有蹄类的日活动模式、季节性活动节律差异及时空生态位重叠。结果显示:保护区共有8种有蹄类动物,中华斑羚Naemorhedus griseus分布最广、相对丰富度最高,岩羊Pseudois nayaur发现位点最少;在主要活动于森林的7种有蹄类中,中华斑羚全天活动,野猪Sus scrofa和小麂Muntiacus reevesi为昼行性,毛冠鹿Elaphodus cephalophus和中华扭角羚Budorcas tibetana偏昼行性和晨昏性,林麝Moschus berezovskii和中华鬣羚Capricornis milneedwardsii偏夜行性。除中华扭角羚外,其他有蹄类冷暖季的日活动节律都有显著差异;时间生态位上,有蹄类活动节律重叠在冷暖季有差异,暖季的活动节律重叠度高于冷季;空间生态位上,野猪和中华斑羚的重叠指数最高,中华扭角羚和其他物种的重叠指数很低,提示大体型、集群的物种可能主要通过空间回避实现共存。研究结果丰富了有蹄类动物的基础信息,为保护区有蹄类的保护和生境管理提供了参考依据。
Understanding the spatiotemporal ecological niche patterns of closely related species is important for comprehending species coexistence and conservation.In this study,the daily activity patterns,seasonal activity rhythm difference and spatio-temporal niche overlap of sympatric ungulate species were investigated by using 135 infrared cameras from 2019 to 2022 in the Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve,Sichuan.The results showed that:(1)there were 8 ungulates in the reserve,and Naemorhedus griseus was the species had the widest distribution and the highest relative abundance.Pseudois nayaur had the fewest discovery sites.(2)Among the 7 ungulate species mainly active in the forest,N.griseus was cathemeral,Sus scrofa and Muntiacus reevesi were diurnal,and Elaphodus cephalophus and Budorcas tibetana were predominantly diurnal and crepuscular.Moschus berezovskii and Capricornis milneedwardsii showed a nocturnal bias.The diurnal activity rhythm of other ungulates in cold and warm seasons was significantly different,except for Budorcas tibetana.(3)In terms of temporal niche,the overlap of activity rhythm of ungulates was different in cold and warm seasons,and the overlap of activity rhythm in warm season was higher than that in cold season.(4)Regarding spatial niche,S.scrofa and N.griseus had the highest Pianka index,while the Pianka index between B.tibetana and other species were low.This implied that large and clustered species may coexist with other ungulates through spatial avoidance.The present study enriches the basic information about ungulates and provides a reference for the conservation and habitat management of ungulates in the reserve.
作者
陈章敏
彭波
贺飞
何兴成
王文玲
刘天骄
李雨芯
冉江洪
CHEN Zhangmin;PENG Bo;HE Fei;HE Xingcheng;WANG Wenling;LIU Tianjiao;LI Yuxin;RAN Jianghong(Key Laboratory of Bio‑Resource and Eco‑Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau,Beichuan,Sichuan Province 622750,China)
出处
《四川动物》
北大核心
2024年第4期373-384,共12页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
基金
国家公园研究专项课题项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-2021-003)。
关键词
红外相机
活动模式
时空共存
有蹄类
大熊猫国家公园
camera trapping
activity pattern
spatiotemporal coexistence
ungulates
giant panda national park
