摘要
为弄清湖南高望界国家级自然保护区毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)的种群、活动节律及生境特征,采用红外相机技术于2021年3月—2022年5月、2023年3月—12月对该保护区毛冠鹿进行了监测研究。结果表明:1)毛冠鹿位点出现率为66.67%,相对多度指数(relative abundance index,RAI)为1.61;2)毛冠鹿日活动强度具有明显差异性,在4:00—6:00相对多度指数最低,在18:00—20:00相对多度指数最高;3)毛冠鹿月活动强度具有明显差异性,在6月相对多度指数达到高峰,形成单峰型活动节律;4)不同季节毛冠鹿对生境的选择不同,在春季,海拔、植被类型以及灌木盖度是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要因素,在夏季,海拔与灌木盖度是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要因素,在秋季,海拔与坡位是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要因素,在冬季,海拔、坡位、植被类型与乔木盖度均成为毛冠鹿生境选择的主导因素;5)毛冠鹿在冬季与其他3个季节对于乔木盖度、灌木盖度与坡向的选择有显著性差异,其他3个季节偏向于乔木盖度为51%~75%、灌木盖度为51%~75%的半阴坡生境,冬季偏向于乔木盖度为76%~100%、灌木盖度为26%~50%的半阳坡生境,而春、夏、秋3个季节间的生境选择均无显著性差异。
To find out the population,activity rhythm and habitat characteristics of Elaphodus cephalophus in Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve,the animals in the region were monitored and studied from March 2021 to May 2022 and from March to December 2023 using infrared camera technology.The results showed that 1)The point-occurrence rate of E.cephalophus was 66.67%,and the relative abundance index(RAI)was 1.61;2)There were significant differences in daily activity intensity,with the lowest RAI at 4:00—6:00 and the highest RAI at 18:00—20:00;3)There were significant differences in monthly activity intensity,and the RAI reached a peak in June,forming a unimodal activity rhythm;4)Habitat selection was different in different seasons.Altitude,vegetation type and shrub coverage were the main factors affecting habitat selection in spring,altitude and shrub coverage in summer,altitude and slope position in autumn,and altitude,slope position,vegetation type and tree coverage in winter;5)There were significant differences between spring and other 3 seasons in tree coverage,shrub coverage and slope direction selection.In winter,the animals tended to be active in semi-sunny slope habitats with tree coverage of 76%~100%and shrub coverage of 26%~50%,while in other 3 seasons,they tended to be active in semi-shaded slope habitats with tree coverage of 51%~75%and shrub coverage of 51%~75%.There was no significant difference in habitat selection in spring,summer and autumn.
作者
向杰
张自亮
谢增文
何佳秀
王秋盼
鲁云
刘菊敏
黄玉萍
兰香英
张佑祥
吴涛
XIANG Jie;ZHANG Ziliang;XIE Zengwen;HE Jiaxiu;WANG Qiupan;LU Yun;LIU Jumin;HUANG Yuping;LAN Xiangying;ZHANG Youxiang;WU Tao(College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China;Hunan Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve Administration,Xiangxi Tujiazu&Miaozu Autonomous Prefecture 416000,Hunan,China)
出处
《生命科学研究》
CAS
2024年第3期258-266,共9页
Life Science Research
基金
湖南省财政厅国家重点野生动植物保护项目“古丈县自然保护地雉类的保护与监测研究”
国家级大学生创新创业训练项目“基于红外相机技术的高望界哺乳类调查”(202110531026)
关键词
毛冠鹿
高望界国家级自然保护区
活动节律
生境选择
Elaphodus cephalophus
Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve
activity rhythm
habitat selection
