摘要
成分排序、代词格位、对句末助词的选择、指代链等证据显示“莫”既不做主语也不是代词,上古汉语中“莫”有副词、动词两种属性。就历史来源而言,“莫”不是“无或”“无攸”的合音,也不是“无”加后缀-k形成的。虽然语源难以追溯,但是可以肯定“莫VP”脱胎于存在结构。在语义上,“莫”多数时候有全称含义,但是不体现明显的分配性。
The negative mo(莫)in Archaic Chinese has been widely claimed as an adverb or a verb in previous studies.Diachronically speaking,mo is neither the fusion of wu(无)you(攸)/wu(无)huo(或),nor the suffixation of wu by adding-k.Though difficult to trace back the original form of mo,it can be assured that mo+VP originally indicated an existential meaning.This may explain why mo can express universal quantification without any distributive meaning.
出处
《中国语文》
北大核心
2024年第4期471-485,512,共16页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
“莫”
代词
副词
动词
存在结构
全称含义
mo(莫)
pronoun
aadverb
verb
existential structure
universal quantifier
