摘要
目的:探索广州市痴呆共病患者家庭照顾者护理能力的潜在剖面,并分析其影响因素,为有针对性制定痴呆共病照护相关支持性政策提供参考。方法:采用分层定额随机抽样法抽取277名广州市痴呆共病患者的家庭照顾者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、痴呆照顾者护理能力评估量表、照顾胜任力量表进行调查,以痴呆照顾者护理能力评估量表的5个维度为外显变量进行潜在剖面分析,并通过logistic回归分析护理能力不同潜在剖面的影响因素。结果:痴呆共病患者家庭照顾者的护理能力可以分为“低护理能力-低健康水平型”(11.9%)、“中护理能力-低技能型”(61.7%)、“高护理能力-均匀型”(26.4%)3个潜在剖面类型。性别(OR=3.007,P=0.025)、职业(OR=0.043,P=0.015)、照顾胜任力(OR=1.222,P=0.033)、每天平均照顾时长(OR=0.915,P<0.001)是家庭照顾者护理能力的影响因素。结论:广州市痴呆共病患者家庭照顾者的护理能力可分为3个剖面类型,应根据家庭照顾者护理能力的剖面特质分类开展教育培训项目,重点关注男性、照护自我效能感较低、痴呆照护技能较弱、刚进入照顾角色的痴呆共病患者的家庭照顾者。
Objective:To explore the latent profiles of nursing ability of family caregivers of patients with dementia and multimorbidity in Guangzhou,and to analyze the factors affecting them,so as to provide references for the targeted development of supportive policies related to the dementia and multimorbidity care.Methods:A stratified fixed-quota random sampling method was used to select 277 family caregivers of dementia and multimorbidity in Guangzhou as the study population.The general information questionnaire,dementia carer caregiving competency assessment scale,and caregiving competency scale were used to conduct surveys to analyze the latent profiles with the five dimensions of dementia caregiver caregiving competency assessment scale as the exogenous variables,and to analyze the factors influencing the different latent profiles of the caregiving competencies through logistic regression.Results:The nursing ability of family caregivers of patients with dementia and multimorbidity could be categorized into 3 latent profile models,including low nursing ability-low health(11.9%),medium nursing ability-low skills(61.7%),and high nursing ability-homogeneous(26.4%).Gender(OR=3.007,P=0.025),occupation(OR=0.043,P=0.015),caregiving competence(OR=1.222,P=0.033),and average hours of caregiving per day(OR=0.915,P<0.001)were the influencing factors.Conclusion:The nursing ability of family caregivers of patients with dementia and multimorbidity in Guangzhou can be classified into three latent profiles.Education and training program should be conducted according to the profiles of family caregivers'caregiving ability to enhance their caregiving ability.It is recommended to assess the existing resources and reserve space for family caregiving to cope with the challenge of dementia and multimorbidity when formulating family support policies,focusing on family caregivers who are male,have low self-efficacy for caregiving and weak dementia caregiving skills,and who are new to caregiving roles.
作者
钟婉媚
扶中晴
高婧
宋阳
董钊扬
王娟
王杏雨
ZHONG Wanmei(School of Nursing,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510006,China)
出处
《医学与社会》
北大核心
2024年第7期70-77,共8页
Medicine and Society
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为82004091
2022年中国高校产学研创新基金,编号为2022TX021
广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划2020年度学科共建项目,编号为GD20XGL05
广州中医药大学2022年度人文社科项目,编号为2022ZDPY01。
关键词
护理能力
家庭照顾者
痴呆
共病
影响因素
广州
Nursing Ability
Family Caregiver
Dementia
Multimorbidity
Influencing Factor
Guangzhou
