摘要
风力发电已经逐步替代化石能源成为新型的供能手段,然而随着风电产业开发的快速崛起,风电场对周边的生态环境和野生动物的保护和多样性都会产生一定的影响,特别是东营作为众多候鸟迁徙路线上必经的中转停歇地,因此风电场的建设对鸟类的影响更为突出。本研究在施工期鸟类迁徙的高峰段开展鸟类调查,共发现鸟类26种,隶属于9目11科,其中以雁形目鸟类居多,生态类群以游禽和涉禽为主,有9种属于国家I、II级重点保护动物。居留型以夏候鸟和旅鸟为主;区系主要为广布种。在海上4个样点中,N3样点的鸟类多样性指数最高(1.64);在陆上4个样点中,N5样点鸟类多样性指数最高(2.74),且距离风电场最远。通过分析海上风电场对鸟类迁徙和多样性的影响,提出制定科学的鸟类监测计划,并进行风电项目建设后的生态状况评估工作,运用新科技手段降低鸟类碰撞风险等保护建议,以期为早日实现风电发展与生态保护的双赢提供参考。
Wind power generation has gradually replaced fossil fuels as a new type of energy supply method,however,with the rapid rise of wind power industry development,wind farms will have a certain impact on the surrounding ecological environment and the protection and diversity of wildlife,especially as Dongying is a necessary transit stop for many migratory birds on the migration route,the construction of wind farms has a more prominent impact on birds.In this study,a bird survey was carried out in the peak section of bird migration during the construction period.A total of 26 species of birds were found,belonging to 9 orders and 11 families,most of which were Anseriformes,and the ecological groups were mainly natatores and wader,nine species were classified as national level I and II key protected animals.The resident type is mainly summer migratory birds and migratory birds;the flora is mainly a widely distributed species.Among the four sampling point in the sea,the bird diversity index of point N3 is the highest(1.64);Among the four sampling point on land,the bird diversity index of point N5 is the highest(2.74)and the farthest from the wind farm.By analyzing the influence of offshore wind farms on bird migration and diversity,this paper puts forward some protection suggestions,such as making a scientific bird monitoring plan,evaluating the ecological situation after the construction of wind power projects,and reducing the risk of bird collision by using new scientific and technological means,so as to provide reference for realizing the win-win situation of wind power development and ecological protection at an early date.
作者
侯继灵
黄帅
龚大洁
王建勇
郑智勇
许璇
HOU Jiling;HUANG Shuai;GONG Dajie;WANG Jianyong;ZHENG Zhiyong;XU Xuan(North Sea Forecasting and Disaster Reduction Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources,Shandong Qingdao 266100;Northwest Normal University,Gansu Lanzhou 730070)
出处
《林业科技》
2024年第4期43-48,共6页
Forestry Science & Technology
基金
山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室开放资金资助项目(202106)。
关键词
海上风电
鸟类群落
多样性
保护措施
offshore wind power
bird community
diversity
protection measures
