摘要
非洲海洋油气与可再生能源储量可观。西非几内亚湾、北非东地中海、东非莫桑比克海域的油气资源逐步得到勘探与开发。除几内亚湾、红海外,非洲其他海域风能丰富。北非、东非是浮动太阳能开发高潜力地区。南非波浪能开发潜力巨大,非洲河流入海口潮汐能潜力可观,索马里洋流、加那利洋流、厄加勒斯洋流都蕴含丰富的洋流能。几内亚湾与东非印度洋沿海热能转换潜力巨大。国际合作是非洲海洋能源开发最主要的形式,实现了非洲能源与外部世界资金、技术、管理经验的互补。为了进一步勘探开发海洋能源,非洲国家与国际组织制定了一系列战略与政策,但是技术、人才、资金、基础设施等方面的短板制约了非洲海洋能源的开发利用,如何平衡能源开发自主权决定了非洲海洋能源国际合作的深度与广度。中非海洋能源合作方兴未艾,在海洋油气、可再生能源、海洋能源通道安全等方面的合作都取得一系列进展。非洲拥有丰富的海洋能源潜力,中国拥有海洋能源开发的先进技术、经验与资金,双方合作互补性强。在全球发展倡议下,未来中非在海洋能源投资与基建、海洋能源技术转移与人员培训、海洋能源产业链与价值链拓展等方面的合作具有广阔前景。
Africa has considerable reserves of marine hydrocarbons and renewable energy.The oil and gas resources in the Gulf of Guinea,the Eastern Mediterranean and the Mozambique Sea are gradually being explored.In addition to the Gulf of Guinea and the Red Sea,other African seas are rich in wind energy.North Africa and East Africa are high potential areas for floating solar energy.South Africa's wave energy potential is huge.The potential of tidal energy at the mouth of African rivers is considerable.The Somali Current,the Canary Current and the Ecclesiastical Current are rich in ocean current energy.The Gulf of Guinea and the Indian Ocean coast have great potential for thermal energy conversion.International cooperation is the most important form of the marine energy development,which realises the complementarity between African energy and the outside's capital,technology and management experience.In order to explore marine energy,African countries and international organisations have formulated a series of strategies and policies.However,shortcomings in technology,human resource,capital and infrastructure have constrained the development of marine energy in Africa.How to balance the autonomy and the cooperation determines levels of the marine energy development.China-Africa marine energy cooperation has made a series of progress in marine oil and gas,renewable energy,marine energy corridor security.Africa has rich energy potential,and China has technology,experience and capital,both sharing complementary interests.In the future,China and Africa have broad prospects for cooperation in marine energy investment and infrastructure,marine energy technology transfer and personnel training,and the expansion of the marine energy value chain.
作者
王涛
王泽宇
Wang Tao;Wang Zeyu(Institute of African Studies,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004;Center for African Studies,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091)
出处
《中国非洲学刊》
2024年第1期118-143,148,共27页
JOURNAL OF CHINA-AFRICA STUDIES
关键词
全球发展倡议
非洲海洋能源
中非海洋能源合作
海洋命运共同体
Global Development Initiative
African marine energy
China-Africa marine energy cooperation
maritime community with a shared future
