摘要
目前中国学界对地方科技立法层面关注较少,对地方立法落实科学技术进步法的实际情况缺乏系统了解和把握。因此,围绕各省份对2021年修订的《中华人民共和国科学技术进步法》的落实情况,从新技术新应用的发展现状及法律环境出发,着眼于研发、应用、推广、激励和监管5个方面,对比分析地方性法规在新技术新应用的立法模式、章节设计、立法内容等方面的差异和特点。研究发现:当前中国的地方立法已经充分意识到新技术新应用立法的重要性,并尝试通过制定或修改科技创新条例予以规范。其中,普遍采取促进型立法模式,统一将新技术新应用问题作为科技创新的一部分放在综合性立法中,但章节设计缺乏系统性,条款数量较少、位置分散,问题意识淡薄;相关条款呈现出不同的立法侧重,关于新技术新应用的规制内容各有特色,但存在推广激励不足、法律责任真空等问题。建议各地应尽快加强新技术新应用立法,完善促进型立法模式,结合本地实际探索专章或专门立法的系统性制度设计,固化研发、应用、推广、激励、监管的实践经验,调整监管体系,明确违法结果,推动本区域实现高水平科技自立自强。
Compared with the current objective demand for innovation and development in the field of science and technology,the research and practice in the field of new technology and new application of China are still in a relatively preliminary stage.However,the relevant research pays little attention to the local science and technology legislation,and lacks a systematic understanding and grasp of the actual implementation of the science and technology progress law,which is difficult to meet and support the strategic requirements of managing and perfecting the system according to law.Therefore,aiming at the legislative implementation of The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Progress of Science and Technology revised in 2021 in Chinese provinces,the research framework of new technology and new application legislation is constructed from three aspects:legislative mode,legislative design,and legislative content.According to the development status and legal environment of new technology and new application,the differences and characteristics of new technology and new application legislation in varied dimensions are compared and analyzed from five aspects of research and development,application,promotion,incentive,and supervision.It is found that at present,China's local legislation has fully realized the importance of new technology and new application legislation,and has tried to regulate through the formulation or modification of scientific and technological innovation regulations.Among which,the mode of promoting legislation is generally adopted in local laws and regulations,and new technology and new application are unified as a part of scientific and technological innovation in the comprehensive legislation,but its design lacks systematicness,with few and scattered articles,as well as the weak awareness of problems.At the same time,the relevant provisions present different legislative priorities,the content of regulation on new technology and new application varies from place to place,but the problems of insu
作者
王珊珊
王海芸
Wang Shanshan;Wang Haiyun(Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100089,China)
出处
《科技管理研究》
CSSCI
2024年第12期36-42,共7页
Science and Technology Management Research
基金
北京市科学技术委员会、中关村科技园区管理委员会政府采购项目“北京国际科技创新中心立法重大问题研究”(20220177010)
北京市博士后科研活动经费资助项目“国际科创中心建设背景下数据保护与规制研究”(132023KF007)。
关键词
新技术新应用
法律环境
地方科技立法
立法模式
地方性法规
科学技术进步法落实
区域科技进步
new technology and new application
legal environment
local science and technology legislation
legislation mode
local regulations
implementation of science and technology progress law
regional science and technology progress
